Telomeres and Oxidative Stress.
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Date
2014-01-01
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Abstract
Telomeres are long repetitive DNA sequences of TTAGGG located at the end of the
linear chromosomes and bound by shelterin proteins. Shelterin proteins function as the
protection for the loop structure of telomere, which prevents the chromosome ends
uncapped; resemble a DNA break and activates DNA repair mechanism. Telomere length
is maintained by an enzyme called telomerase. There are several factors that can shorten
the telomeres which include telomere attrition during cell division, deficiency of Rad 54,
which is involved in DNA repair and the methylation of histones H3 and histones H4,
which can diminish telomerase activity. Three major mechanisms which influence the
telomere length are the end-replication problem, the action of C-strand-specific
exonuclease and oxidative DNA damage induced by environmental risk factors. However,
oxidative stress has been shown to be the major mechanism which can influence the
telomere length. This review explores the association between telomere length a oxidative stress.
Description
Keywords
Telomere, oxidative stress, telomerase, 8-oxodG
Citation
Nasir Nurul Fatihah Mohamad, Kannan Thirumulu Ponnuraj, Sulaiman Siti Amrah, Shamsuddin Shaharum, Ahmad Azlina, Stangaciu Stefan. Telomeres and Oxidative Stress. British Journal of Medicine and Medical Research. 2014 Jan; 4(1): 57-67.