Anti-microbial efficacy of Allium sativum extract against Enterococcus faecalis biofilm and its penetration into the root dentin: An in vitro study.
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Date
2015-09
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Abstract
Introduction: Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) has long been the most preferred root canal
irrigant in endodontic treatment, but besides being an effective anti‑microbial agent, it is highly
cytotoxic. Thus, a search for an alternative herbal irrigant which would be more biocompatible
but equally effective led to this study.
Aim: To assess the anti‑microbial efficacy of garlic extract (GE) against Enterococcus faecalis
biofilm and its ability to penetrate into root dentin.
Materials and Methods: E. faecalis was cultured and treated with the test agents ‑ normal
saline, 5.25% of NaOCl, and the three different concentrations of GE (10%, 40%, and 70%). The
experiment was done in four groups namely, 24‑h Co‑treatment group, 24‑h biofilm treatment
group, 1‑week biofilm group, and 3‑week biofilm group. These groups were subjected to microbial
viability assay and fluorescence microscopic analysis. The most effective concentration of
garlic (70%) was further tested and compared with 5.25% NaOCl for its dentin penetration
property using 0.2% alizarin red under a fluorescence microscope.
Results: The findings revealed that GE was able to disrupt as well as prevent the formation
of biofilm produced by E. faecalis. All the concentrations of GE displayed considerable
anti‑microbial efficacy where 70% concentration was most effective and exhibited similar
anti‑microbial efficacy as 5.25% NaOCl. In terms of dentin penetration, no significant difference
was found between GE and NaOCl.
Conclusion: The results indicate that GE has a potential to serve as an alternative herbal root
canal irrigant being an effective and biocompatible anti‑microbial agent with good dentinal
penetration property.
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Keywords
Biofilm, dentine penetration, Enterococcus faecalis, fluorescence microscopy, garlic extract
Citation
Birring Ourvind J S, Viloria Iluminada L, Nunez Phides. Anti-microbial efficacy of Allium sativum extract against Enterococcus faecalis biofilm and its penetration into the root dentin: An in vitro study. Indian Journal of Dental Research. 2015 Sept-Oct; 26(5): 477-482.