Upper airway dimensions and sleep efficiency – three‑dimensional imaging analysis and assessment of the nasopharyngeal appliance.
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Date
2015-09
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Abstract
Background: Reduction of upper airway (UA) dimensions during sleep is contemplated to
cause reduced sleep efficiency (SE) but a definitive association is not affirmed. Efficacy of
nasopharyngeal appliance (NPA) in management of UA resistance syndrome (UARS) has not
been compared with mandibular repositioning splint (MRS). This study intended to assess
relation of UA dimensions to SE and effectiveness of NPA.
Materials and Methods: Research had two phases: Case–control study to determine association
between UA and SE; randomized control trial (with independent concurrent trial groups and
double‑blind design) to analyze treatment outcome with NPA. Subjects were categorized to three
groups of 20 in each: A control group of healthy subjects (Group A); two “Randomly Assigned” sample
groups of subjects with reduced SE (Groups B and C). Preliminary questionnaire for sleep analysis,
Final data collection sheet (first and second case sheets) were recorded, cephalometric variables
analyzed, and diagnostic overnight polysomnography was done to match and confirm selection
criteria. Three‑dimensional computed tomography was done to analyze airway dimensions before
and after appliance placement. ANOVA and post‑hoc tests were used for statistical analysis of results.
Conclusions: Reduced UA dimension during sleep is associated with reduced SE; NPA gives
better improvement for UARS than MRS.
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Keywords
Continuous positive airway pressure, microarousal, obstructive sleep apnea, polysomnography, sleep fragmentation, upper airway resistance syndrome
Citation
Venkat R, Vasanthakumar M, Balakrishnan D, Deenadayalan P. Upper airway dimensions and sleep efficiency – three‑dimensional imaging analysis and assessment of the nasopharyngeal appliance. Indian Journal of Dental Research. 2015 Sept-Oct; 26(5): 451-461.