Risk Factors for Mortality in Community –Acquired Pneumonia Among Children Aged 1-59 Months Admitted in a Referral Hospital.
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Date
2012-11
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Abstract
Objective: To determine the case fatality rate and factors for
death in community acquired pneumonia among children aged
1 month to 59 months admitted in a referral Hospital.
Design: Hospital based retrospective study.
Setting: Institute of Child Health and Hospital for Children,
Chennai.
Patients: Case records of children aged 1 month to 59 months of
age with pneumonia (clinically diagnosed pneumonia,
radiologically diagnosed pneumonia, and clinically and
radiologically diagnosed pneumonia), from January 2006 to
December 2008.
Outcome measures Case fatality rate (CFR) was calculated.
Risk factors for mortality analyzed were young age of 1 to 6
months old, female sex, wheeze, respiratory rate ≥70/min, chest
indrawing, altered level of consciousness, convulsions, shock,
associated heart disease, recent measles, weight for age <-2 Z
score and need for assisted ventilation. The association of risk
factors to mortality was arrived at for all three categories of
pneumonia cases separately.
Results: Case fatality rate was 8.2% (95% CI: 7.37- 8.99%).
There was no significant difference in the CFR among the three
study groups. Need for assisted ventilation alone was found to be
an independent risk factor for mortality in children with pneumonia
among all the study groups. Other risk factors like young age,
weight for age <-2 Z score, altered level of consciousness, and
congenital heart disease were also observed among these
groups.
Conclusion: Among 1 month to 59 months old hospitalized
children with pneumonia, CFR was 8.2%. Need for assisted
ventilation was a significant risk factor associated with mortality.
Description
Keywords
Case fatality rate, Community acquired pneumonia, Children, Risk factors
Citation
Ramachandran Padmanabhan, Nedunchelian Krishnamoorthi, Vengatesan Appasamy, Suresh Saradha. Risk Factors for Mortality in Community –Acquired Pneumonia Among Children Aged 1-59 Months Admitted in a Referral Hospital. Indian Pediatrics. 2012 November; 49(11): 889-895.