Evaluation of salivary glucose, amylase, and total protein in Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.
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Date
2015-05
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Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus is a complex multisystem metabolic disorder characterized by
a deficit in the production of insulin. The oral complications of uncontrolled diabetes mellitus
are devastating. Saliva is an organic fluid that can be collected noninvasively and by individuals
with limited training. These reasons create an interest in evaluating the possibility of using
saliva as a diagnostic tool.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine, if saliva can be used as a
noninvasive tool to monitor glycemic control in Type 2 diabetes. Comparative assessment of
salivary (glucose, amylase, total protein levels) in patients with Type 2 diabetes and controls.
Materials and Methods: A total of 40 individuals, 20 with Type 2 diabetes and 20 controls of
age group 40–60 years were selected for the study. Diabetic status was assessed by estimating
random blood glucose levels. Unstimulated saliva was collected from each participant and
investigated for glucose, amylase, and total protein levels. Salivary glucose estimation was
performed using glucose‑oxidase method, amylase by the direct substrate kinetic enzymatic
method, and total protein by pyrogallol red dye end point method. All the parameters were
subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS version 20.0.
Results: Significantly higher salivary glucose, lower amylase, and total proteins were observed
in patients with Type 2 diabetes than controls. There was no significant correlation between
salivary and blood glucose levels.
Conclusion: These results suggest that diabetes influences the composition of saliva. Since
a significant correlation was not observed between salivary and blood glucose levels, further
research is needed to determine salivary glucose estimation as a diagnostic tool for diabetes
mellitus.
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Keywords
Diabetes mellitus, saliva, salivary amylase, salivary glucose, salivary total protein
Citation
Indira M, Chandrashekar P, Kattappagari Kiran Kumar, Chandra K Lalith Prakash, Chitturi Ravi Teja, Reddy B V Ramana. Evaluation of salivary glucose, amylase, and total protein in Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Indian Journal of Dental Research. 2015 May-June; 26(3): 271-275.