Biocidal activities of Solvent Extracts of Azadirachta indica against Some Endemic Tropical Vector-borne Diseases.
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Date
2014-11
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Abstract
The biocidal efficacy of Chloroform (CEX), n-Hexane (HEX), Acetone (AEX) and Ethanol
(EEX) extracts, of the bark and root of Azadirachta indica (Neem), were investigated against Anopheles gambiae and Bulinus globosus in a two-phased rapid and final
screening test. Results of the phytochemical screening, indicated phytochemical
constituents like; Flavonoids, Tannins, phenols, saponin, phytates, glycosides and
triterpenes. All extracts were active (≥500ppm), during the rapid screening phase; hence
final screening phase was also carried out. Results of the final screening shows that, the
snail (B. globosus), were more susceptible to all solvent extracts compared to the
mosquito larvae (An. gambiae). The ethanol extract of the bark against the snail (EEXbS)
induced the highest mortality with LC50 value of 0.35ppm compared to the least,
chloroform extract of the root against the larvae (CEXrL, LC50=46.0 ppm). The positive
control induced mortality to both snails and larvae at 1ppm, while there was no mortality
induced by the negative control. The results confirm solvent extracts of neem bark and
root as potential biocidal agent against disease vectors.
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Keywords
Vector-borne diseases, Azadirachta indica, Anopheles gambiae, Bulinus globosus, solvent extracts
Citation
Angaye Tariwari C N, Ohimain Elijah I, Zige Douye V, Didi Baraikio Biobelemoye Nengimonyo. Biocidal activities of Solvent Extracts of Azadirachta indica against Some Endemic Tropical Vector-borne Diseases. International Journal of TROPICAL DISEASE & Health. 2014 Nov; 4(11): 1198-1208.