Carbamazepine induced anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome.
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Date
2015-09
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Abstract
Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome (AHS) is a potentially fatal drug-induced,
multi-organ syndrome. The syndrome has been reported with anticonvulsants such as
carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbitone, and lamotrigine. A 17-year-old female
who presented with papules and desquamation all over was diagnosed with AHS.
She gave a history of fever, earache, peripheral edema, and erythematous papular
eruptions 3 days prior. She gave a history of carbamazepine treatment since 15 days
for generalized tonic-clonic seizures. On examination, there was cervical lymph
node enlargement without tenderness. Investigations revealed elevated absolute
eosinophil count at 550/mm3 and positive C-reactive protein tests. Carbamazepine was
immediately withdrawn. Symptomatic treatment was administered, and resolution
of the symptoms was observed. In this case, causalty assessment using Naranjo
adverse drug reaction probability scale showed that carbamazepine was a probable
cause for the AHS (Score - 7).
Description
Keywords
Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome, Anticonvulsants, Carbamazepine, Fever, Rash, Lymphadenopathy, Hepatitis, Absolute eosinophil count
Citation
Shivamurthy Shwetha, Manchukonda Ravishankar. Carbamazepine induced anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome. International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology. 2015 Sep-Oct; 4(5): 1037-1039.