Prophylactic combined supplementation of choline and docosahexaenoic acid attenuates vascular cognitive impairment and preserves hippocampal cell viability in rat model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion ischemic brain injury.
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Date
2015-05
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Abstract
Background: Stroke is the second cause of mortality in the world and third leading
cause of disability in surviving victims. Cerebral ischemic cascade involves multiple
pathways that can result in motor and cognitive deficits. The current treatment strategy
focuses mainly on motor recovery, and the management of post-stroke cognitive
impairment is largely neglected. Similarly, very few studies have explored the
prophylactic combined synergetic treatment strategies that have the potential to target
multiple pathways in the ischemic cascade to alleviate vascular cognitive impairment
(VCI) in the event of an ischemic stroke. Choline and docosahexaenoic acid
(Cho-DHA) are both essential neuronal membrane phospholipid precursors, known
to be important in enhancing cognitive functions. The objective of present study
was to explore the prophylactic efficacy of combined Cho-DHA supplementation
(Cho-DHA suppl.) in attenuating VCI in a rodent model of ischemic brain injury.
Methods: An 10-months-old male Wistar rats were subdivided into four groups
(n=8/group); normal control (NC), bilateral common carotid artery occlusion
(BCCAO) induced ischemic brain injury group, sham BCCAO (S-BCCAO) group,
and prophylactic combined Cho-DHA suppl. BCCAO group. Subsequently, all
groups of rats were tested for cognition and neuro-morphological changes in the
hippocampus.
Results: BCCAO rats showed significant learning and memory deficits (p<0.05)
and neuronal injury compared to S-BCCAO and NC rats. These cognitive deficits
and neuronal injury were significantly (p<0.01) attenuated in Cho-DHA suppl.
BCCAO rats.
Conclusion: Prophylactic combined Cho-DHA suppl. may be envisaged as an
effective preventive strategy to attenuate VCI and neuronal injury in high-risk
individuals susceptible for a future event of an ischemic stroke.
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Keywords
Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion brain injury, Combined choline and docosahexaenoic acid dietary supplementation, Stroke, Vascular cognitive
Citation
Sivakumar G, Vidyadhara D J, Reddy Shivakumar, Rajesh T, Babu M G Ramesh, Rao K G Mohandas, Rai Kiranmai S.Prophylactic combined supplementation of choline and docosahexaenoic acid attenuates vascular cognitive impairment and preserves hippocampal cell viability in rat model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion ischemic brain injury. International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology. 2015 May-Jun; 4(3): 522-530.