Anti-proliferative effect of Ficus pumila Linn. on human leukemic cell lines.
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Date
2015-03
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Abstract
Background: Cancer is one of the many diseases of global concern due to its high
mortality rate with drug resistance becoming a major challenge to chemotherapy
and this have propelled many cancer patients to seek alternative and complementary
methods of treatment. The objective for this study was, therefore, to determine the
antiproliferative activity as well as phytochemical, total phenolic content (TPC), and
antioxidant activity of the stem and leaf extracts (FPS and FPL) of Ficus pumila (L.)
using standard methods.
Methods: The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay
was used to evaluate anti-proliferative effect and spectrophotometric-based assays for
antioxidant and TPC. Phytochemical constituents were accessed by standard methods.
Results: The hydroethanolic extracts of the leaves and stems were rich in tannins,
general glycosides, saponins, terpenoids, alkaloids, flavonoids (leaves only), and
sterols (stem only). Strong total antioxidant activities were observed with FPL and
FPS with EC50 values of 0.07 mg/ml and 0.089 mg/ml, respectively. All the crude
extracts showed anti-proliferative effect towards the three human leukemic cell
lines used (Jurkat, CEM, and HL-60). However, FPL gave the strongest inhibition
concentration at 50% values of 130.97 μg/ml (Jurkat) and 56.31 μg/ml (HL-60).
Conclusion: These findings suggest that crude extracts of FPS and FPL have antiproliferative
effect on the leukemia cells. The antioxidant properties of the plant
including phenolics may be partly responsible for the anti-proliferative activity.
Further studies are required to isolate chemical components of the plant and establish
their anti-proliferative activities and mechanism of action.
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Keywords
Anti-proliferative, Antioxidant, Ficus pumila, Phenolics, Phytochemical
Citation
Larbie Christopher, Appiah-Opong Regina, Acheampong Felix, Tuffour Isaac, Uto Takuhiro, Yeboah Gideon Agyare, Abboah-Offei Offeibea, Tagoe Doris N K, Inkabi Samuel E. Anti-proliferative effect of Ficus pumila Linn. on human leukemic cell lines. International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology. 2015 Mar-Apr; 4(2): 330-336.