Dietary Patterns and Metabolic Syndrome in Adults.
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Date
2015-10
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Abstract
Aims: Considering that diet is a potential factor contributing to the development of Metabolic
Syndrome (MetS) and it is increasingly prevalent among population worldwide, the aim of the
present study was to correlate dietary patterns with MetS and its main risk factors in adults.
Study Design: Cross-sectional.
Place and Duration of Study: School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, between August
2007 and January 2010.
Methodology: This study was conducted with 267 adults (189 women and 78 men) submitted to
evaluation procedures which included body composition (waist circumference (WC), height and
weight) and blood pressure measurements, biochemical analysis from a single blood sample after
a 12-h fasting (serum triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol
(LDL-c), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) and fasting glucose) and assessment of
dietary intake using a 24-hour recall. Dietary patterns (DPs) were identified using principal
components factor analysis with varimax orthogonal rotation.
Results: Three distinct DPs were identified from the principal component factor analysis:
“Traditional”, “Healthy” and “Western”. Among individuals with MetS, there was a positive
correlation between Healthy pattern and HDL-c (P = .03), as well as between Western pattern and
WC, TG and LDL-c (P = .001, P = .04 and P = .047). In people without MetS, the negative
correlation was observed between Traditional pattern and LDL-c (P = .049), and positive
correlation between Healthy pattern and age, TC and, LDL-c (P = .01, P = .03 and P = .03).
Conclusion: Our assessment offers information concerning food combinations that may increase
the risk and prevalence of MetS. However, more studies are required to confirm these findings and to assist in the prevention and development of specific nutritional recommendations for this
syndrome.
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Keywords
Nutritional assessment, metabolic diseases, food habits
Citation
Oliveira Maria Stella R de, Schuch Natielen J, Garcia Vivian C, Martini Lígia A. Dietary Patterns and Metabolic Syndrome in Adults. European Journal of Nutrition & Food Safety. 2015 Oct-Dec; 5(4): 297-304.