Pharmacognostic and HPTLC Fingerprint Profile of the Root of Aristolochia indica Linn. and Quantification of the Marker Compound.
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Date
2014-09
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Abstract
Introduction: Root of Aristolochia indica Linn. has long been used as an oxytoxic agent
to aid women in child birth and as abortifacient in Indian folk medicine. It is also one of the
ingredients in some traditional Ayurveda medicinal preparations.
Aims: The present work has been designed to delineate the pharmacognostic profile of
the root of Aristolochia indica Linn and the High-performance thin-layer chromatographic
(HPTLC) identification of the active compound and its quantitative estimation in the herbal
sample.
Materials and Methods: Macroscopic, microscopic evaluation, powder analysis,
fluorescence standards of the root of Aristolochia indica Linn and its HPTLC fingerprint
profile.
Results: Pharmacognostic profile of the root investigated revealed the transverse section
possessing somewhat circular outline with tissue organization as outer thin walled cork
layers, narrow cortex, and inner cortical cells with groups of stone cells. Secondary xylem
tissues were fissured to form narrow strips, wide medullary rays with greater quantities of
parenchyma, ray cells with rich deposition of starch. Vessels were solitary and occluded
with tyloses and starch grains with 'Maltese cross' were the characteristic features of the
taxon. HPTLC method was developed for the estimation of the marker constituent,
Aristolochic Acid I (AAI) in dried root sample. Chloroform: Methanol (6:2v/v), was used as
mobile phase to separate the analyte. The Rf value for Aristolochic Acid I (C17H11NO7)
was found to be 0.53. Calibration plot was established showing the dependence of response on the amount chromatographed. Linearity was found to be in the concentration
range of 100 to 500ng/spot for AAI with the correlation coefficient value r=0.998. The
result showed that the content of marker compound (AAI) in dried root of Aristochia india
Linn was 0.082%.
Conclusions: The results of the present study suggest that, the documented
morphological descriptors, delineated anatomical markers and developed HPTLC
methods are complementary characteristics, which could be effectively used for the
identification and authentication of the root of Aristolochia indica Linn.
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Keywords
Aristolochia indica Linn, microscopic determination, HPTLC finger print, active compound
Citation
Sudhakaran M V. Pharmacognostic and HPTLC Fingerprint Profile of the Root of Aristolochia indica Linn. and Quantification of the Marker Compound. European Journal of Medicinal Plants. 2014 Sept; 4(9): 1113-1124.