Screening for Antimicrobial Activity of Cissampelos pareira L. Methanol Root Extract.
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Date
2014-01
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Abstract
Aims: To screen for the antibacterial activity of Cissampelos pareira L. using six bacteria
(Two Gram positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae)
and four Gram negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeroginosa, Klebsiella
pneumoniae and Proteus vulgaris). The phytochemicals that are responsible for the
bioactivity were also screened.
Study Design: An In vitro antibacterial assay was done using disc diffusion.
Place and Duration of Study: Samples were collected from Mbeere community, Embu
county-Kenya. Authentication of botanical identity was done at the department of
biological sciences while extraction and phytochemical analysis was undertaken in the
department of Chemistry, Egerton University-Kenya. Antimicrobial bioassay was carried
out at Department of Microbiology, Rift Valley Provincial General Hospital. Methodology: Disc diffusion test was used to determine antimicrobial activity to plant
extracts. Chemical tests were used to determine the group of phytochemicals present in
the sample extract.
Results: Cissampelos pareira L. methanol root extract demonstrated antibacterial activity
to four of the six tested bacteria. The highest inhibition was demonstrated toward S.
aureus (20 mm), S. typhimurium (17 mm), K. pneumoniae (14 mm) and E. coli at (9 mm).
P. vulgaris and S. pneumoniae were not sensitive to the extract at all. The phytochemical
screening demonstrated the presence of all phytochemicals tested (alkaloids, flavonoids,
tannins, terpenoids and steroids).
Conclusion: This study reveals that Cissampelos pareira L. has antibacterial activity to
both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. This antibacterial activity is associated
with the variety of phytochemicals found in this plant. Therefore, the plant has potential to
be harnessed for further study in drug discovery.
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Keywords
Antibacterial activity, phytochemicals, root extracts, Cissampelos pareira L, herb
Citation
Ngoci Njeru S, Ramadhan Musa, Ngari Mwaniki S, Leonard Oduor P. Screening for Antimicrobial Activity of Cissampelos pareira L. Methanol Root Extract. European Journal of Medicinal Plants. 2014 Jan; 4(1): 45-51.