Evaluation of the Larvicidal, Antiplasmodial and Cytotoxicity Properties of Cassia arereh Del. Stem Bark.
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Date
2013-01
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Abstract
Aims: The present study was carried on the stem bark of Cassia arereh Del. Different
extracts were prepared and were assessed for their in vitro larvicidal, antiplasmodial and
cytotoxicity properties.
Methodology: Larvicidal activity of the methanol extract was evaluated against 3rd instar
larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus using method recommended by World Health
Organization. The antimalarial activity of chloroform, ethyl acetate, methanol and aqueous
extracts was assessed on the chloroquine-resistant strain W2 strain of Plasmodium
falciparum by flow cytometry. Cytoxicity effect was assessed on two human cell lines
K562S (by flow cytometry) and HepG2 (by MTT assay).
Results: The larvicidal activities of different concentrations of C. arereh stem bark
methanolic extract after 24 h of incubation revealed that the 1.0 g/L concentration gave
the highest mortality (40.2%). lethal concentrations that killed 25% (LC25), 50% (LC50),
90% (LC90) and 95% (LC95) of larvae in 24 h were 4235, 8230, 16007, 29325 and 40680
ppm. The best antimalarial activities were detected in the chloroform extract with IC50 >
12.5 μg/ mL and cytotoxicity effect with IC50 > 12.5 μg/ mL on both K562S and HepG2 cell
lines indicative of promising security index. Phytochemical screening indicated the
presence of anthraquinones, flavanoids, terpenes, steroles and tannins. Conclusion: This result indicates that C. arereh stem bark could be a good source of
bioactive ingredients.
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Keywords
Cassia arereh, larvicidal activity, antiplasmodial activity, cytoxicity
Citation
Imam Hager, Alla Abd El Wahab H Abd, Yagi Sakina M. Evaluation of the Larvicidal, Antiplasmodial and Cytotoxicity Properties of Cassia arereh Del. Stem Bark. European Journal of Medicinal Plants. 2013 Jan-Mar; 3(1): 78-87.