Haematological and Hepatotoxic Potential of Onion (Allium cepa) and Garlic (Allium sativum) Extracts in Rats.
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Date
2012-10
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Abstract
Aims: To evaluate and compare the effects of single and combined oral administration of
fresh aqueous onion (Allium cepa) and garlic (Allium sativum) extracts at different
concentrations (200mg/kg/d, 400mg/kg/d and 600mg/kg/d) on some haematological and
hepatotoxicity indicator parameters in treated rats.
Study Design: Cross-sectional nonclinical study in animal model.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out at the Department of
Physiology, Department of Biochemistry and Department of Haematology, College of
Health Sciences, Igbinedion University Okada, Edo state, Nigeria between the month of
July and August, 2011.
Methodology: Following 30 days post-oral administration of extracts in 36 treated male
albino rats as well as 4 controls, haematological parameters were determined using the Sysmex® Automated Haematology Analyzer, while serum levels of liver enzymes were
evaluated using the Reflotron® Plus Auto-Analyzer and liver weight was determined using
electronic sensitive weighing balance.
Results: Red blood cell count (RBC), Packed cell volume (PCV), Haemoglobin
concentration (HGB), Total White blood cell count (TWBC), Absolute Count of Neutrophil
(NEUT#), Absolute Count of Lymphocyte (LYM#), Absolute Count of the summation of
Monocyte, Eosinophil and Basophil (MXD#) and Platelet count (PLT) were significantly
increased (P<0.05) to varied extent, except Mean cell volume (MCV), Mean cell
haemoglobin (MCH) and Mean cell haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) while Alanine
aminotransferase (ALAT) and Aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT) serum levels were
significantly decreased (P<0.001) and liver weight (LW) was non-significantly (P>0.05)
reduced in a dose-dependent manner when compared to the control. Synergistic effect
was not observed in the haematological parameters when the two extracts were
combined.
Conclusion: The results of this study reveal the haematological potential of onion
and garlic extracts with no potential risk of hepatotoxicity (at the concentrations
tested) as earlier anticipated. It also further confirms the higher efficacy of garlic over
that of onion, but the molecular mechanism behind their combined effect would require
further investigation.
Description
Keywords
Onion, garlic, haematological parameters, hepatotoxicity indicator parameters, rats
Citation
Samson Enitan Seyi, Olasunkanmi Ajeigbe Kazeem, Joel Josiah Sunday, Alfred Ehiaghe Friday. Haematological and Hepatotoxic Potential of Onion (Allium cepa) and Garlic (Allium sativum) Extracts in Rats. European Journal of Medicinal Plants. 2012 Oct-Dec; 2(4): 290-307.