International Journal of Medical Research Professionals

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https://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/163903

Editor-in-Chief: Dr. Rohin Garg
ISSN: 2454-6356 (Print); 2454-6364 (Online)

Frequency: Bimonthly

Language: English

Open Access Peer-reviewed journal

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Assessment of Maternal Consequences of Caesarean Section: A Retrospective Study
(Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine & Sciences, 2020-01) Singh, Nisha; Ranjan, Piyush
Background: Rates of caesarean delivery continue to riseworldwide. Maternal preferences are an important influence ondecisions about mode of delivery. At present, evidence oflonger-term complications of caesarean delivery has not beenadequately synthesized to allow fully informed decisions aboutmode of delivery to be made. Hence; the present study wasundertaken for assessing maternal consequences ofcaesarean section.Materials & Methods: Data record of a total of 130 womenwas enrolled in the present study. These 130 women werebroadly divided into two study groups as follows: Group 1:Primary elective group (n=58), and Group 2: Failed vaginaldelivery (n=72). Complete demographic details of all thesubjects were obtained from the data record files. An excelchart was prepared and outcome and complications wererecorded systematically.Results: Overall, out of 130 females, complications were foundto be present in 18 women (13.85%). However; among patientsof Group 1, complications were found to be present in 5patients (8.62%) while among patients of Group 2,complications were found to be present in 13 patients(18.06%). On comparing statistically, overall prevalence ofcomplications was significantly higher among patients of group2. Uterine corpus was the most common maternal complicationwas found to be present in 2 patients of group 1 and 4 patientsof group 2.Conclusion: Emergency caesarean section is associated withsignificantly higher risk of maternal complications incomparison to elective caesarean procedures.
A Rare Case Report on the Role of Anaesthetist in Management of Homicidal Cut Throat Injury
(Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine & Sciences, 2020-03) Vats, Jyoti; Dhillon, Abhilasha; Yadav, Pushpa
Homicidal cut-throat injuries are potentially life threateningbecause of the many vital structures that course through thisarea. Management of homicidal cut-throat injuries requires amulti-disciplinary approach. The role of an anesthesiologist ininstituting an airway using an endotracheal intubation ortracheostomy before wound exploration and repair oftransected tissues, is challenging, as, such injuries are most ofthe time associated with distortion of the normal anatomy ofthe airway. Anaesthesiologist is pivotal in securing a definitiveairway in such cases thereby facilitating the wound explorationand surgical repair. We present a patient who was the victimof a homicidal cut-throat injury.
Prevalence of Subclinical Hypothyroidism of Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome at a Tertiary Care Hospital
(Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine & Sciences, 2020-03) Vyas, Anurag; Kumar, Chandra Shekhar
Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have nowbecome the leading cause of mortality in India. Acute coronarysyndrome (ACS) describes the range of myocardial ischemicstates that includes unstable angina, non-ST elevatedmyocardial infarction (MI), or ST-elevated MI. Hence; thepresent study was undertaken for assessing the prevalence ofsubclinical hypothyroidism of patients with acute coronarysyndrome.Materials & Methods: A total of 50 patients who wereadmitted due to acute coronary syndrome were enrolled in thepresent study. Blood samples were obtained and were sent tofor assessment of thyroid profile. Complete haematological andbiochemical profile of all the patients was also obtained. Forserum thyroid hormone profile was measured by Enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique.Results: Subclinical hypothyroidism was found to be present in5 patients (10 percent of the patients). Non-significant resultswere obtained while correlating the presence of subclinicalhypothyroidism with age and gender-wise distribution ofpatients.Conclusion: Thyroid profile is altered significantly in patientswith acute coronary syndrome.
Microscopic Changes of Radiations and Combined Effect of 2G Mobile Phone Radiations with Turmeric (Curcuma Longa) On Germ Cells of Testis in Albino Rats
(Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine & Sciences, 2020-03) Kumar, Santosh; Bichhwaliya, Ankur K.
Background: This study was conducted to observe thehistological Effects of Radiations and Combined Effect of 2gmobile Phone Radiations with Turmeric (curcuma longa) ongerm cells of Testis in Albino Rats.Subject and Methods: The study was conducted on 32 malealbino rats. They were divided into four groups A, B, C, D.Group A was control group. Group B was exposed to radiationsfrom cell phone (2G mobile 900-1900 Mhz). Group C wasgiven curcuma longa orally and group D was exposed to bothradiations and curcuma longa given orally.Results: After given two month of mobile phone radiation theanimals were sacrificed by cervical dislocation method andtestis were used for observation of germ cells. the regularly cellphone radiation exposure on testis decrease the number ofgerm cells.Conclusion: The regularly exposure of radiation leads todecrease the number of germ cells, the harmful effect could bedecrease by cucuma longa.
Morphological and Morphometric Study of Foramen Ovale and Foramen Spinosum in Human Skull
(Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine & Sciences, 2020-03) Katara, Priyanka; Dadhich, Abhilasha; Saxena, Anirudh; Sharma, Shivangi; Sharma, Devasheesh
Introduction: Foramen ovale and spinosum are the importantforamina located in the base of skull on the greater wing ofsphenoid. Foramen ovale transmits the mandibular nerve,accessory meningeal artery, lesser petrosal nerve, emissaryvein and occasionally the anterior trunk of the middlemeningeal vein. Foramen spinosum gives passage to middlemeningeal vessels and nervous spinosus. Study of anatomicalvariations of these foramina provides important informationuseful in skull base injury and helpful for procedures liketransfacial fine needle aspiration technique, percutaneoustrigeminal rhizotomy for trigeminal neuralgia, etc.Materials and Methods: 60 dry human skulls were obtainedfrom the department of anatomy, SMS Medical College, Jaipur.The anteroposterior (APD), transverse diameter (TD) offoramen ovale and spinosum were measured by verniercalipers and shapes were observed. Mean and range werecalculated and tabulated.Observations and Results: The mean length of foramenovale was 7.98 mm and 4.24 mm on right side and 7.14 mmand 3.78 mm on left side. Most common shape observed wasoval (74%). The mean length and width of foramen spinosumwas 3.14 mm and 2.68 mm on the right side and 3.05 mm and2.58 mm on left side. The most common shape observed wasrounded (58.5%).Conclusion: No significant difference was found between theforamen spinosum of both sides whereas significant differencewas observed in the size of foramen ovale. The knowledge offoramina is helpful for the neurosurgeons and radiologists.
To Assess the Correlation between Anthropometric Parameters and Cardiovascular Reactivity in Normotensive Students
(Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine & Sciences, 2020-01) Gandhi, Shalini; Kumar, Gaurav
Background: High blood pressure is one of the most importantrisk factor for cardiovascular disease. CVD are the number onecause of death globally. The present study was conducted toassess the correlation between Anthropometric parametersand Cardiovascular reactivity in normotensive students.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study wasconducted among 100 MBBS students in the age group of 19to 22 years at KD Medical College, Hospital and ResearchCentre, Mathura subjects over the period of 2 months wereselected for the study. The subject will be asked to had a lightbreakfast then in the sitting position we will take theCardiovascular parameters and Anthropometric data of thesubject. This study will be significant if the calculated ‘p’ valueis < 0.5. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20.Correlation between Cardiovascular Reactivity andAnthropometric parameters will be accessed by Pearson’sCorrelation method.Results: In the present study the mean age of the subjectswas 21 years, mean height was 1.65, mean weight was 67.24kg and mean BMI was 23.37. P value found to be statisticallynon-significant for BMI and heart rate, BMI and DBP, BMI andTransit time, BMI and Velocity. And P value found to bestatistically significant for BMI and SBP, BMI and MAP.Conclusion: Our findings in the study showed the existingpositive correlation between the BMI and the various reactivitymeasures of the heart such as heart rate, systolic bloodpressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure,pulse transit time and pulse velocity.
Serum Fucosylation Changes in Oral Cancer and Potentially Malignant Disorders
(Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine & Sciences, 2020-03) S, Madhura; M.B, Radhika; Nadaf, Afreen; M, Soumya; M, Sudhakara; K, Paremala
Background: Cellular glycosylation changes are associatedwith different types of neoplastic transformation. Fucose is adeoxyhexose sugar that the body requires for optimal functionsof cell to cell communications and which plays a role in severalbiological events. Fucose has been considered to play asignificant role in cancer and its spread. Alpha L Fucosidase(ALF) is an exoglycosidase involved in the hydrolyticdegradation of fucose containing components of glycoproteins,glycolipids and oligosaccharides. The significance of thisenzyme in human catabolism is implied by geneticneurovisceral storage disease. Altered levels of ALF has beenreported in the plasma/serum of patients with oral cancer.Aims: To investigate the clinical usefulness of serum fucoseand α-L-fucosidase in diagnosing oral pre-cancer and cancerand study the variations of the levels of both metabolites innormal, precancerous and cancerous conditions (Squamouscell carcinoma).Methodology: The study group comprised of 87 samples of(age range: 20-70 years): control samples – healthy individualswithout any systemic illness (n =20), clinically andhistopathologically diagnosed cases of leukoplakia (n=16) andoral submucous fibrosis (n=16) and oral squamous cellcarcinoma (n=35) respectively. 2ml blood was collected byvenipuncture from every subject after informed consent, serumwas separated and checked for fucose and fucosidase byspectrophotometric analysis.Results: The Normal value range of fucose is 8.3 to 9.5 mg/ dland that of fucosidase is 22.8 ± 7.1 U/L. There is an increasein the value range of fucose and fucosidase in the tissues ofpotentially malignant disorders and Squamous cell Carcinoma.
To Assess the Anatomical Variations of Paranasal Sinuses on Computed Tomography: A Retrospective Analysis
(Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine & Sciences, 2020-03) Narwani, Riya; Narwani, Aarushi
Background: Paranasal sinuses are a group of four paired airfilled, mucosa lined spaces surrounding the nasal cavity. Thepneumatization or hypoplasia of the sinuses affects thedrainage pathways, causing chronic infections andcomplications. The aim of the present study was to assess theanatomical variations of paranasal sinuses on computedtomography.Materials and Methods: The present retrospective study wascarried out over the period of 6 months using 80 CBCT imagesof patients, with their age group ranging from 20-50 yearsreferred for different oral diagnostic purposes. An assessmentof paranasal sinuses and it’s variations were accuratelycharacterized in axial, coronal and sagittal sections. The datawas analysed statistically using SPSS 21 software and Chisquare test was used to find the statistical significance.Results: In the present study total participant were 80 in which56.25% were having anatomical variation. 8.75% were havingvariation in agar nasi cells,10% were having variation in Kuhncells, 7.5% were having variation in Onodi cells, 5% werehaving variation in haller cells, 10% were having variation inconcha bullosa, 12.5% were having variation in nasal septumdeviation, 20% were having variation in maxillary sinus septa,17.5% were having variation in sphenoid sinus pnematization,2.5% were having variation in maxillary sinus pnematization,6.25% were having variation in Crista galli pneumatisation.Conclusion: This study concluded that imaging of the PNS willaid in diagnosis in individual patients, and also provide adeeper understanding of the manifestations of the disease.
Prospective Analysis of Post-Operative Admissions in the Intensive Care Unit of a Tertiary Care Hospital
(Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine & Sciences, 2020-03) Bansal, Bharat Kumar; Deval, Narendra Singh; Bedi, Vikram
Background: The Intensive Care Unit (ICU) is a special unitprimarily concerned with the care of patients with acute,recoverable, life- threatening, critical illness and injuries, whichrequire constant close monitoring and support. ICU servicesare expensive and limited resources require stratification ofpatients. The present prospective study was undertaken toevaluate the post-operative admissions in the intensive careunit of a tertiary care hospital.Materials and Methods: Present study was conducted toevaluate all the post-operative admission in the Intensive CareUnit for a period of one year (Nov 2013 and Nov 2014). Allpost-operative patients were divided into three groups: Group 1– Informed Admissions, Group 2 – Uninformed Admissions,Group 3 – Post surgical Admissions. At the time of admissionto ICU, the following data were noted: demographic data, initialdiagnosis, vital parameters, pre-operative and peri-operativevariables were collected from patient’s case sheet andanaesthesia case sheet. Additionally, various hemodyanamicsvariables, duration of stay at ICU and outcome of the patientswere noted. All the statistical analysis was performed usingSPSS version 20. A p value of <0.05 was consideredsignificant.Results: The present study is a prospective evaluation studyconducted on 341 patients who were admitted in the ICU of atertiary care hospital from the operating room. On the basis ofgender distribution more males were admitted in the ICU(61.6% in compare to 38.4% females) among the total ICUadmissions within a year. For hemoglobin percentage inplanned admissions and in unplanned admission was notsignificant with P-value of<0.001. The average duration ofanaesthesia is more in planned admissions of total postoperative ICU admissions. This was not significant with P-valueof< 0.001. In planned admission to ICU, males are 47.2%,females 29.0%, in unplanned admissions male are 14.4%,female 8.8 % and in emergency condition males are 0.0%,females 0.6%. This was significant with P-value of>0.001. Thepost-operative Oxygen desaturation was not significant with Pvalue of <0.001. The post-operative admissions were notsignificant with P-value of <0.001. The total post-operative ICUadmissions were able to sustain head for more than 5 sec. Thiswas not significant with P-value of <0.001. The post-operativeICU admissions had hypotension was not significant with Pvalue of <0.001. In post-operative ICU admissions, tachycardiain was not significant with P-value of <0.001. Maximum numberof hospital stay was 2-4 days of total post-operative ICUadmissions. And minimum days for ICU stay was > 7 days Thiswas significant with P-value of >0.001.Conclusion: It was observed that the unplanned admission toICU rates in thiscentre was 0.40%. The predominant reasonsfor unplanned post-operative admissions to ICU were intraoperative complications. Nearly 50% of admissions were purelyfor monitoring and observation. Early recognition ofcomplications, timely intervention and timely intensive care andmonitoring are essential to improve outcomes.
Morphological Study of Accessory Foramina in Dry Mandible and Its Clinical Significance
(Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine & Sciences, 2020-03) Chandan, Chandra Bhushan; Akhtar, Md Jawed; Kumar, Aman; Sinha, Rajiv Ranjan; Kumar, Binod; Kumar, Avanish
Background: To provide anatomical information on theposition and incidence of accessory foramina in mandible asthey are important for dental surgeons and anesthetists inachieving complete nerve blocks and for avoiding injury toneurovascular structures passing through them.Objective: To study the incidence of accessory foramina in drymandible in population of Bihar & compare it with incidenceamong various races of the world.Materials & Methods: Present study is a cross sectional studywhich has been carried out on 56 dried fully ossified adulthuman mandibles, which were examined in the Department ofAnatomy and Forensic Medicine of Indira Gandhi Institute ofMedical Sciences, Patna, Bihar. The age of the bones used inthe study was not predetermined. Only fully ossified dried,macerated and thoroughly cleaned mandibles which werecomplete in all respects, in order to give the correctobservations, were included in the study while the mandibleshaving any deformity or pathology were excluded. Theaccessory foramina and their positions were observed.Results: Accessory mandibular foramina were found in 55.36%, accessory mental in 23.22 %, and retromolar in 17.85% ofthe cases. The accessory foramen observed most commonly inright side (39.28%) followed by bilateral (37.5%) then left side(19.65%).Conclusion: The anatomical variability of incidence andposition of accessory foramina should be considered as theymay be used to give additional locoregional anesthesia in caseof failed mandibular blocks. Knowledge of the commonestpositions will be beneficial for oncologists and oromaxillofacialsurgeons in planning graft implants.
Analysis of Prevalence of Haematological Abnormalities among Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients at a Tertiary Care Hospital
(Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine & Sciences, 2020-03) Sinha, Nikhil; Singh, Sanjiv Kumar; Siddique, M.S.I.
Background: Rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic inflammatorydisorder with the potential to cause destructive joint disease,significant disability, and increase mortality. The present studywas undertaken for assessing the haematologicalabnormalities among rheumatoid arthritis patients.Materials & Methods: A total of 80 RA patients were enrolled.Complete demographic details of all the patients wereobtained. Blood samples were obtained from all the patientsand were sent to pathology department. Haematological profilewas assessed. All the results were recorded in Microsoft excelsheet and were analysed by SPSS software.Results: Anaemia was found to be present in 53.75 percent ofthe patients, while leucocytosis was found to be present in 15percent of the patients. Thrombocytosis was found to bepresent in 26.25 percent of the patients.Conclusion: Anaemia, thrombocytosis and leucocytosis are acommon finding in rheumatoid arthritis patients.
Diabetic Retinopathy Health Crises in Kurdistan Governorate-Iraq/Erbil
(Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine & Sciences, 2020-03) Abdullah, Omer Othman
Introduction: The diabetic blindness can be prevented by upto 90%, in the early stages of the disease. At the time ofdiagnosing type two, 21% of them have retinopathy. After 20years of diabetes; the retinopathy affects 60% of type 2 andapproximately all of type 1 diabetic population.Subjects and Methods: This retrospective study comprisedof 1784 diabetic patients. Their vision assessed according tothe international classification of controlling blindness as legallyblind (visual acuity=< 20/200) or socially blind. For thispurpose, the Snellen Eye Chart used at a fixed distance of 20feet. Patients were checked regularly when checkup missed;excluded from the study.Result: About 46% of the diabetic population did not knowwhen their diabetes started with a p-value 0.000, which is avery highly significant correlation. Regarding patientsinformation how to control their diabetes; 82% of them did notknow how to handle the illness, and 76% did not know thedietary restrictions with a very highly significant p-value, thecorrelation between them and legal blindness. About 84.1%presented with legal blindness. After many interventions,37.9% remained legal blindness, but 62.1 improved. While 6%became socially blinded. Around 43.9% were unable to buy theanti-vascular endothelial growth factor drugs, with a p-value= 0.000. About 87.2 % of patients did not perform HbA1Ctwo times per year with very highly significant with the legallyblind.Conclusion: Lack of education program, patient's informationabout the disease, non-referrals, economic crisis and theunavailability of the anti-vascular endothelial growth factor; allcollectively created a blinded diabetic population.
Relationships Between Causes of Psychiatric Readmission and To Validate Psychoeducational Module
(Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine & Sciences, 2020-03) Kulkarni, Shreenath K.; Garud, Minakshi M.; Kulkarni, Mukta S.
Background: Readmission rate can provide an importantindicator of the global functioning of the health system such as,the articulation between inpatient treatment and communityinterventions. It provides an important tool in planning mentalhealth services. The present study highlights the causes ofreadmissions for psychiatric patients with a view to preparepsychoeducational module. It has scope in various fields likemedical and paramedical. It will help to prevent relapse andreadmissions in psychiatric patients and to the nurses inproviding psychoeducation to the patient and family.Materials and Methods: The study was conducted 100psychiatric patients who were re-admitted in 2 selectedinpatient mental health setups in Pune, Maharashtra. Semistructured questionnaire based on causes of psychiatricreadmissions was used which consisted of 30 questions withmultiple options. Descriptive and inferential statistics wereplanned to analyze the data obtained through interviews.Findings of previous functional pattern of readmitted patients–It was analyzed by mean, median, mode, standard deviationand mean %. The relationship between causes of psychiatricreadmissions and selected demographic variables were foundout by using Chi Square test.Results: The data presented in the table 2, figure 1 showsthat highest affected functional pattern in previous 3 months isself activity (35.07%) followed by dietary pattern (36.5%),health promotional activities (42.3%), relation with family(49.1%), social adjustment (52.7%) and self care (61.6%). Themost non affected functional pattern is economical adjustment(69.11%).Conclusion: Schizophrenia is the common condition of whichmaximum readmissions are found. With the help ofpsychoeducational module, the staff nurses, student nursescan provide psychoeducation to the patients and caregiversabout the comprehensive care of psychiatric patients at thehome including the psychosocial rehabilitation. Thus, therelapse and readmission of psychiatric patients can beprevented in mental health setups
Comparison of Intrathecal Clonidine and Fentanyl as Adjuvant to Hyperbaric Bupivacaine in Spinal Anaesthesia for Lower Limb Orthopedic Surgery: An Hospital Based Study
(Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine & Sciences, 2020-03) Choudhary, Bharat; Kumar, Jagdish; Kumar, Mahendra
Background: There are various adjuvant used with hyperbaricbupivacaine to prolong the effect of spinal anesthesia butcommonly used fentanyl and clonidine. The present study wasundertaken to compare clonidine and fentanyl as adjuvant inspinal anesthesia in terms of time to onset of sensory andmotor blockade, duration of sensory and motor blockade andduration of postoperative analgesia and complications.Methods: The present study was undertaken in thedepartment of Anaesthesia, Government Medical College,Barmer, Rajasthan, India with primary aim to compare durationof postoperative analgesia. A total of 80 patients were enrolledin the present study. Ethical approval was obtained frominstitutional ethical committee and written consent wasobtained from all the patients. Complete demographic details ofall the patients were obtained. All the results were recorded inMicrosoft excel sheet and were analyzed by SPSS software.Results: In our study we found that time for first dose ofrescue analgesic was delayed in Group C (492.32 ± 17.32min) compared to Group F (418.80 ± 19.68min) which wasstatistically significant (P < 0.0001). Duration of sensory blockin Group C was 146.17 ± 19.42 min compared to 128.24 ±18.68min in Group F and Duration of motor block was 190.12 ±25.13 min in Group C in comparison to 176.18 ± 23.54 min in.
Serum Zinc Level in Persons with Prediabetes and it’s Relation with Glycemic Status Attending Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh
(Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine & Sciences, 2020-03) Mostafa, Hasan Rajib; Fariduddin, Md.; Selim, Shahjada; Hasanat, M A; Islam, Moinul; Hoque, Fazlul; Mustari, Marufa; Mahjabeen, Samira
Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is becoming one of themajor health problems worldwide. Especially in South EastAsia, type 2 diabetes has gained critical significance. Asprediabetes prevalence is increasing worldwide, it has becomean important concern to prevent diabetes at an early stage inBangladesh.Objectives: Estimation of serum zinc level and establishmentof its relation with glycemic status in individuals with prediabetes.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional studyencompassed 126 (age: 35.09±9.96 years, mean ± SD; Sex:16/110, M/F) subjects with prediabetes and 126(age:29.08±9.28 years, mean ± SD; Sex: 22/104, M/F) healthynondiabetic controls from the out-patient department ofEndocrinology, BSMMU consecutively. Serum zinc wasmeasured by using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry.Height, weight, waist circumference, acanthosis nigricans,hypertension, SGPT& serum creatinine were recorded asconfounding variables.Results: Serum zinc level in persons with prediabetes waslower than that in control (0.76±0.01 vs. 0.78±0.01mg/L,M±SEM, p=0.28). There was statistically significant differencefor zinc level in gender groups (M vs. F: 0.84±0.02 vs.0.75±0.01 mg/L, M±SEM, p<0.001) and monthly family incomegroups (p=0.02). Also zinc level was statistically similar amongglycemic status groups apart from zinc level in between controland combined glucose intolerance (CGI) groups (control vs.CGT: 0.78±0.01 vs. 0.72±0.02mg/L, M±SEM, p=0.03). Amongcases comparisons between groups with or without risk factorslike: smoking (0.72±0.03 vs. 0.76±0.10 mg/L, p=0.42),smokeless tobacco (0.73±0.03 vs. 0.76±0.01mg/L, p=0.46),hypertension (0.80±0.03 vs. 0.75±0.01 mg/L, p= 0.14), familyhistory of DM (0.75±0.02 vs. 0.77±0.02mg/L, p=0.52), familyhistory of CVD (0.74±0.02vs.0.77±0.01mg/L,p=0.28), overweight (0.76±0.01 vs.0.74±0.05mg/L, P=0.59), waistcircumference (0.75±0.01 vs. 0.79±0.04mg/L, p=0.40) andacanthosis nigricans (0.75±0.02 vs. 0.76±0.02mg/L, p=0.70),showed no statistically significant difference. None of thevariables like age (r= -0.02, p=0.19), BMI (r= 0.14, p=0.12),FPG (r= -0.05, p=0.60) and PG 2h after 75g glucose (r=0.10,p=0.28), HbA1c (r=0.04, p=0.64), serum creatinine (r=0.01,p=0.87) showed significant relationship with the level of zincexcept SGPT which showed significant relation with zincamong cases (r= 0.28, p=0.002) and among all participants(r=0.17, p=0.008) but not in control group (r=0.07, p=0.43).Conclusion: It is concluded that persons with prediabetes hadserum zinc level within normal limit and there was found nostatistically significant relationship between HbA1c and zinc
Study the Effect of a Single Dose of Intravenous Magnesium Sulphate on Postoperative Pain after Lower Abdominal Surgery
(Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine & Sciences, 2020-03) Singhvi, Bheemraj; Goyal, Govind
Background: Uncontrolled post-operative pain may produce arange of detrimental acute and chronic effects. Relief fromsevere pain arising from deep or visceral structures, ashappens in surgical procedures, requires the use of opioids.The aim of this study to assess the degree and duration ofpostoperative pain and requirements of rescue analgesia afterIntravenous use of magnesium sulphate preoperatively in lowerabdominal surgery.Materials & Methods: This is a hospital based randomizeddouble blind interventional analytic study done on 50 patientsadmitted in surgery department for lower abdominal surgery atS.M.S. medical college and attached hospital, Jaipur. Aftertaking informed consent and confirming overnight fasting,patient was taken on the recovery room and baseline vitalslike B.P., pulse rate, respiratory rate recorded. Patients at restwas evaluated by using a 0 – 10 cm. visual analogue score(VAS) or by using a 0 - 4 verbal rating score (VRS) atemergence from anaesthesia and1/2, 1, 2, 4, 6, 12 and 24 hrs.after surgery.Results: There was no significant difference in mean age ofpatients between two groups (P > 0.05). The mean of totaldose of analgesia requested was 87.00+ 27.49 mg in MgSO4group and 240.00 + 30.00 mg in C group. It means that therewas clinically and statistically highly significant (P<.001). Themean duration of analgesia was 189.60+18.70 minutes inMgSO4 group and 24.40 + 5.16 minutes in C group. In ourstudy occurrence of nausea and vomiting were more in Cgroup then the MgSO4 group. But these adverse effects werestatistically insignificant in both the groups and did not requireany supplementary management.Conclusion: We concluded that patients receiving Magnesiumsulphate during preoperative period have better pain relief,more sedated and fewer requirements of rescue analgesics inthe postoperative period, without any major side effects.
Effectiveness of Midazolam Compared to Diazepam and Placebo For Reducing Anxiety after Premedication at Sylhet Women’s Medical College
(Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine & Sciences, 2020-03) Ehsan Ali; Md Shahnewaz Chowdhury; Roy, Tanmoy Deb; Shemul, Sujoy Das
Introduction: Anxiolytic premedication is debated most of thetime in the outpatient surgical community. The management ofanxiety reducing medications may be considered unnecessaryby anesthesiologists when anxiety rates are small inoutpatients with minor operations. Thanks to its rapid onsetand short halflife, intravenous (IV) midazolam is the mostwidely used premedicant in ambulatory environments, but itspersistent effects in the prompt postoperative period may leadto postoperative sedation, as well as delayed recovery anddischarge readiness after brief ambulatory surgery.Objective: This research is carried out specifically to checkwhether the use of the medicine for preanesthesia midazolamquantifiably decreases pain as opposed to having nopreanesthesia drug (placebo) or diazepam prior to medicalprocedures.Method: The examination's inclusion requirements arepatients aged between 18 and 68 years scheduled for electivesurgery or diagnostic procedures involving anesthesia. Aninterventional (clinical trial) study with 160 patients scheduledfor surgical or diagnostic procedures involving anesthesiatechniques was performed at a neighbourhood emergencyclinic called Sylhet Women’s Medical College located in Sylhet,Bangladesh. Research length from Aug 2018 to Aug 2019.Results: After multiple investigations of knowledge andanalysis it was discovered that diazepam with little or nosymptoms placed ahead of midazolam and placebo.Conclusion: It can be clearly inferred that in case of adecrease in anxiety, diazepam ranks first compared tomidazolam or placebo.
Outcome Analysis of Major Degree Placenta Praevia in Holy Family Red Crescent Medical College and Hospital (HFRCMCH), Dhaka, Bangladesh
(Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine & Sciences, 2020-03) Ahmed, Nazneen; Chowdhury, Shahin Rahman; Nur, Ayesha Nigar; Nahar, Zinnatun; Masih, Nadeed
Background: Major degree placenta praevia is a serioushealth issue and is associated with high fetal-maternalmorbidity and mortality. Especially the central placenta praeviais one of the most dangerous states in obstetrics.Objective: The objective of the study is to investigate theoutcome of central placenta praevia and to determine area ofconcern which requires maximum focus to decrease theincidence.Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study wasconducted over a period of two years (from January 2018 toDecember 2019) in the department of Obstetrics andGynaecology at HFRCMCH, Dhaka, Bangladesh.Results: A total numbers of 2479 antenatal patients had beenexamined in this study. Out of 2479 antenatal patient1380(55.67%) were caesarean section delivery. Among them53(2.14%) were suffering placenta praevia. Out of 53 placentapraevia, 47 were central placenta praevia. In percentageanalysis it is 88.68%, which is too high. All the placenta praeviapatients were delivered by caesarean section. 37 weredelivered by elective caesarean section16 were delivered byemergency caesarean section. Among 16 emergencydeliveries, 8 were due to Severe P/V bleeding and rest 8 forlabour pain & fetal distress. Regarding the maternal outcome,no mortality occurred but 5 patients needed ICU care, 6patients needed hysterectomy and 5 patients had bladderinjury for which they needed bladder repair. Regarding theneonatal outcome, 16 babies needed NICU support. Amongthem 5 babies died.Conclusion: Placenta praevia, especially central placentapraevia is a major cause of both maternal and fetal morbidityand mortality. If the patient has previous H/O caesareansection it becomes more serious. By observing the outcome ofthese patients in our hospital, we can also correlate it withother studies. By this way we can also take measure todecrease the incidence of maternal and fetal morbidity andmortality.
Frequency of Candida Infection in Post Chemotherapy Acute Leukemia Patient with Febrile Neutropenia
(Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine & Sciences, 2020-03) Islam, Mohammad Nazmul; Islam, Shafiqul; Rehnuma, Saiqa; Wasim, Mohammad; Khanam, Aklima; Azam, Md. Shafiul; Rahman, Farzana; Aziz, Mohammad Abdul
Objective: In this study our main goal is to evaluate thefrequency of candida infection in post chemotherapy febrileneutropenia patient with acute leukemia.Method: This prospective type of observation study carried outat Department of Haematology of Bangabandhu Sheikh MujibMedical University (BSMMU) from September 2016 to August2017. A total 63 patients of acute leukaemia (AML and ALL)were admitted in the Department of Haematology in BSMMU.Patients were selected by purposive sampling. A typedquestionnaire was supplied to all patients and those who gavethe written consent were selected as cases.Results: In the study, it was found that 19 (30.2%) patientsbelonged to age ≤20 years followed by 19 (30.2%) of 21-30years, 13 (20.6%) 31-40 years, 6 (9.5%) 41-50 years and 6(9.5%) >50 years of age. Immunophenotypically AML wasfound in 35 patients which was 55.6% of study population, BALL in 9 (14.3%), T ALL in 5 (7.9%) and APL in 2 (3.2%)patients. Majority of the patients 28 (44.4%) were found inconsolidation phase of chemotherapy followed by 26 (41.3%)in induction phase, 5 (7.9%) in relapse, 3 (4.8%) in re-inductionand 1 (1.6%) in palliative phase. 6 (9.5%) patients were foundpositive for throat swab for Candida in this study and bloodculture were negative for candida. Among the AML patients 4(66.7%) patients were found positive for candida in throat swaband 36 (64.3%) were found negative.Conclusion: In the study, it was found that among candida inthroat swab were more common in AML than ALL. Cause wasunknown but might be due to Reduce duration of neutropeniaby applying G-CSF and empirical local and systemic antifungaltherapy.
Sonographic Evaluation of Pathologies of Knee Joint with MRI Correlation
(Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine & Sciences, 2020-03) Sharma, Veerendra K; Grewal, Trishdeep Singh
Introduction: Musculoskeletal imaging has rapidly expandedin last few years and ultrasound has become popular modalityfor evaluation of various joints. Magnetic resonance imaging isaccepted as the gold standard technique for evaluation ofvarious knee pathologies. However, ultrasound beinginexpensive, widely available and non-invasive techniquewhich also allows dynamic imaging can be used forassessment of knee joint as an alternative to MRI.Aim: To evaluate role of ultrasound for assessing various kneepathologies and to assess the accuracy of ultrasound incomparison to MRI.Materials and Methods: This prospective study included 100patients whose symptoms were suggestive of knee diseaseand were undergoing both ultrasound and MRI. Ultrasoundexamination of the involved knee was done together with anultrasound examination of the contralateral normal knee forcomparison followed by MRI of the symptomatic knee in all 100patients. MRI was regarded as gold standard. Comparison wasmade between ultrasound and MRI using KAPPA coefficient.Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy were calculatedto assess diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound as compared toMRI and ultrasound.Results: Most common ultrasound finding in present studywas knee effusion followed by osteophytes. Almost perfectagreement was noted between ultrasound and MRI fordetecting medial meniscus tear, meniscal cyst, medialmeniscal extrusion, MCL tear, Bakers cyst and osteophytes.Only slight agreement was noted between ultrasound and MRIfor detecting lateral meniscal degeneration and ACL tear.Among various pathologies ultrasound showed accuracy of100 for detecting baker’s cyst and accuracy of 99 for detectingMCL tear and patellar tendinopathy.Conclusion: Ultrasound is a good imaging modality for extraarticular lesions such as patellar tendinopathy, medial andlateral collateral ligaments. Ultrasound can also be an effectiveimaging modality for evaluating patients with medial meniscaltears, baker’s cyst and knee effusion. For detection of meniscaldegeneration ultrasound performs poorly as compared to MRI.Both anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments are not clearlyvisualized on ultrasound, thus it is poor modality for evaluatingboth.

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