Phytochemical, Physicochemical and Chromatographic Profiling in Quality Control Systems for Select Herbal Medicines (Conavir and Niprd-AM1).
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Date
2013-01
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Abstract
Background: Conavir, an immunostimulant from aerial parts of Andrographis paniculata
(AP) and Niprd-AM1, an antimalarial from roots of Nauclea latifolia (NL), are dry water
extracts for capsulation. AP and NL have been in use in Asia and Africa for centuries.
Purpose: The study aimed to ascertain the criteria for quality assured production of
Conavir and Niprd-AM1.
Experimental Details: Procedures of World Health Organization (WHO) were applied to evaluate quality parameters of AP/ Conavir and NL/ Niprd-AM1.
Results and Discussion: Conavir is granular, greenish brown, intensely bitter and
practically odourless. Tests on AP and Conavir revealed alkaloids, saponins, tannins and
terpenoids, but cardiac and cyanogenic glycosides (considered toxic) were not detected.
Normal phase TLC of AP and Conavir yielded 5 principal spots each, while the reverse
phase TLC yielded 6. HPLC fingerprints of AP, Conavir and a reference standard were
reproducible but differed from each other. The GC-MS data of Conavir were consistent
with the phytochemical profile of AP. Effect of storage suggested that both AP and
Conavir were stable for up to 21 months or more. Niprd-AM1 is granular, yellowish brown
and faintly aromatic, with an exciting bitter taste. Both NL and Niprd-AM1 contained
alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids and terpenoids, but cardiac and cyanogenic glycosides
were not detected. Normal phase TLC of NL yielded 9 principal spots, while Niprd-AM1
yielded 5, but the reverse phase TLC yielded 9 for each. HPLC fingerprints of NL, Niprd-
AM1 and a reference standard were reproducible but differed from each other. The GCMS
data of Niprd-AM1 were consistent with the phytochemical profile of NL. Most of the
quality variables of NL and Niprd-AM1 remained unchanged up to the 39th month of
storage.
Conclusion: The results are consistent with NIPRD’s intention to file for the registration of
Conavir and Niprd-AM1 for use in Nigeria.
Description
Keywords
Quality control, herbal medicine, Andrographis paniculata (AP), conavir, Nauclea, latifolia (NL), niprd-AM1, phytochemical, chromatographic, physicochemical`
Citation
Ameh Sunday, Abubakar Mujtaba, Ambi Aminu, Ikokoh Patrick, Obodozie Obiageri, Garba Magaji, Cocker Herbert. Phytochemical, Physicochemical and Chromatographic Profiling in Quality Control Systems for Select Herbal Medicines (Conavir and Niprd-AM1). British Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. 2013 Jan-Mar; 3(1): 13-36.