Prevalence and Antibiotic Resistance Profile of Salmonella Isolates from Commercial Poultry and Poultry Farm-handlers in Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria.
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Date
2014-04
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Abstract
Aim: This study was designed to investigate the prevalence and antibiotic resistance profile
of Salmonella serovars from poultry and poultry farm-handlers.
Study Design: Investigative
Place and Duration of Study: Samples were analyzed at the Central Diagnostic
Laboratory, National Veterinary Research Institute Vom and Department of Microbiology,
Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. This work was carried out between August 2012 and April
2013.
Methodology: Samples were pre-enriched in buffered peptone water followed by selective
enrichment using Selenite Faeces Broth and Rappaport-Vassilidis Broth. Isolation and
identification was made by inoculating the selectively enriched sample on to Salmonella-Shigella agar, Xylose Lysine Deoxycholate agar and Brilliant Green agar followed by
confirmation of presumptive colonies using different biochemical tests and analytical profile
index 20 E. Polyvalent (O) and (H) Salmonella antisera were used for serotyping the
Salmonella isolates. The CLSI, 2010 method was used for antimicrobial susceptibility
testing
Results: A prevalence rate of 10.9% was observed from the 450 samples. Serovars of
Salmonella detected were S. Gallinarum 57.2%, S. Typhimurium 8.2%, S. Typhi 20.4%, S.
Pullorum 6.1%, S. Enteritidis 6.1% and S. Paratyphi A 2.0%. Statistically, significant
difference (p<0.05) was observed between isolates and occurrence at different sample
sites. The isolates were 100% resistant to oxacillin, 96.0% to ampicillin, 93.9% tylosin, 83.7
5 ceftazidime and 63.3% oxytetracycline. Five of the isolates were 100% resistant to more
than five different antibiotics. There was statistical significant difference (p<0.01) in
antimicrobial resistance patterns exhibited by the serovars. However, the isolates showed
sensitivity to gentamycin 100%, gendox 83.7%, ciprofloxacin 81.6% and amoxicillinclavulanic
acid 57.1%.
Conclusion: The study revealed emergence of multiple-drug resistant Salmonella serovars
from poultry and poultry farm handlers. We therefore suggest further epidemiological
studies.
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Keywords
Poultry, Salmonella serovar, Nigeria, antibiotic resistance, farm handlers
Citation
Agada G O A, Abdullahi I O, Aminu M, Odugbo M, Chollom S C, Kumbish P R, Okwori A E J. Prevalence and Antibiotic Resistance Profile of Salmonella Isolates from Commercial Poultry and Poultry Farm-handlers in Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria. British Microbiology Research Journal. 2014 Apr; 4(4): 462-479.