Pattern of Cutaneous Pathology among a Cohort of HIV/AIDS Patients Accessing Care in a Rural/Suburban Adult ART Clinic in Nigeria.
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Date
2013-10
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Abstract
Background: Cutaneous diseases are common in patients with HIV/AIDS however
there are few documented reports of these lesions from some parts of world such as
Nigeria and West Africa.
Objective: The aim of this study was to identify cutaneous pathologies in patients
attending an adult outpatient (HIV/AIDS) clinic department in a rural/suburban centre in
the south geopolitical zone of Nigeria.
Additionally it also aims to determine if there are differences in the pattern of
presentation as compared to patients seen in other parts of the country and the world.
Methods/Design: This is a prospective observational study conducted in the adult
antiretroviral (ART) clinic of Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital Irrua Edo StateNigeria
over a 12 month period involving HIV positive patients.
All patients with skin complaints are included in the study while other patients without
skin complaints are generally excluded. Results: A total of 9460 patients were seen during this period in the clinic including old,
new and repeat visits.
Four hundred and ninety patients had various dermatologic complaints at various times
giving a 5.18% prevalence of the cutaneous pathology. The mean age of the patients
was 38±10 years with a male: female ratio of 1:1.4(140:350).
For easy of analysis these lesions were grouped into infective and non-infective
pathologies. Infective pathologies dominated the main manifestation (viral- 37.1%, fungal
24.3% and bacterial 2.9%) and non-infective mainly neoplasms 5.7%, drug reactions
11.4% and others 18.6% (comprising post inflammatory hypopigmentation and
hyperpigmention, pruritic eruptions of HIV, and papularurticaria (insect bite reactions).
Lesions are generally more florid and widespread in these patients particularly at lower
CD4 counts.
Conclusion: Cutaneous manifestations of HIV infection are common even when not
deliberately sought out for. They range from infections to neoplasms and drug reactions.
They can be the main reason for initial presentation to the clinic and without prompt
recognition and treatment patients care will be incomplete.
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Keywords
Cutaneous, Pathology, HIV, Pattern
Citation
Salami T A T, Adewuyi G M, Echekwube P, Affusim C. Pattern of Cutaneous Pathology among a Cohort of HIV/AIDS Patients Accessing Care in a Rural/Suburban Adult ART Clinic in Nigeria. British Journal of Medicine and Medical Research. 2013 Oct-Dec; 3(4): 1199-1207.