Assessing the Microbiological Level and the Incidence of Water-soaking on the Proximate Composition of two Cultivars of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) Grains Grown in Côte d’Ivoire.
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Date
2013-07
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Abstract
Aims: This study was undertaken to assess the influence of seed treatment (soaking in
water) on nutritional and microbiological composition of two cowpea cultivars.
Place and Duration of Study: Laboratory of Food Biochemistry and Tropical Products
Technology, and the laboratory of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, University of
Nangui Abrogoua, Abidjan, between October 2010 and December 2011.
Study Design: Method based on AOAC tests and AFNOR for microbiological analysis. A
two-way analysis of variance and t-test were used.
Methodology: The proximate composition of soaked and non soaked cowpea grains was
determined and microbiological (bacteriological and mycological) analysis of these grains was also performed.
Results: The major components were 28% and 26.25% protein, 48.35% and 47.99%
carbohydrate, 41.66% and 40.05% starch for the RC (red cultivar) and WC (white cultivar)
respectively. Lipids are less represented in the 2 cultivars (2.5%). There were significant
reductions in the contents of the major components as a result of the treatment. Plain water
soaking brought about a significant decrease in the proximate composition causing a mean
reduction of 3.14% and 10.02% protein, 28.23% and 29.30% carbohydrate, 29.47% and
28.94% starch, 18.80% and 22.02 % energy for the RC and WC respectively. The mean
decrease for mineral was 23.13% and 47.66% iron, 2.32% and 8.15% calcium, 9.30% and
2.10% phosphorus for the RC and WC respectively. In general the highest reduction was
observed in the WC variety. Mean count (Log10 cfu/g) of total aerobic miroflora, coliforms,
mould and yeast were 6.29 and 6.43; 2.04 and 2.58; 4.41 and 4.78 for the RC and WC
respectively. Five genera of mould were isolated: Aspergillus, Mucor, Penicillium, Botrytis
and Geotrichum. The predominant fungi belonged to Aspergillus genus.
Conclusion: The cultivar types of cowpea and the preparation methods could affect the
nutrient availability of this product. Cold water soaking has a great influence on the
properties of cowpea grains.
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Keywords
Cowpea, cultivar, water soaking, mould, proximate composition, soaking
Citation
Koffi-Nevry Rose, Koussémon Marina, Alloue-Boraud W A Mireille, Kouassi Kouassi. Assessing the Microbiological Level and the Incidence of Water-soaking on the Proximate Composition of two Cultivars of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) Grains Grown in Côte d’Ivoire. British Microbiology Research Journal. 2013 July; 3(3): 206-217.