Glutathione: Glutathione Sulfide Redox Imbalance in Early Impaired Fasting Glucose.
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Date
2014-10
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Abstract
Aim: The current study aims to examine the balance between glutathione and glutathione
sulfide and how this was disturbed in patients with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) level.
The study also included 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine to provide a more comprehensive
picture of the overall redox state.
Methodology: A cross-sectional analysis of ninety medication free participants without
reported history of cardiovascular disease and/or diabetes mellitus was undertaken with
data collected from the Diabetes Complications Research Initiative database at Charles
Sturt University. Fasting blood glucose, HbA1c and cholesterol as standard markers for
diabetes mellitus and associated complications were measured in addition to the
emerging biomarkers glutathione (GSH), glutathione disulfide (GSSG), and urinary 8-
hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine (8OHdG). Results: The IFG group had a mean blood glucose level above 6.1mmol/L being
significantly higher compared to control (P<0.001). Traditional clinical markers were all
within the normal range for both groups. However the GSH/GSSG ratio (8.53±5.4 vs
6.62±2.2, P=.04) was significantly lower in the IFG group. GSH and 8OHdG, being
markers for oxidative stress, were not significantly different between the two groups.
Conclusion: The free radical related changes in metabolic redox pathways are linked to
oxidative stress and related pathologies but may not be associated with disease
progression, providing an explanation why conflicting results are presented in the
literature concerning any individual biomarkers and risk of diabetes. Our study included
individuals with no medication use and mild hyperglycemia (impaired fasting glucose) and
indicates a pro-oxidant response to mild-moderate hyperglycemia with a moderate rise in
oxidative DNA damage.
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Keywords
Impaired fasting glucose, oxidative stress, antioxidants, glutathione, GSH/GSSG ratio
Citation
Jelinek Herbert F, A Al-Aubaidy Hayder, Maschirow Laura, Meidinger Sarah, Jamil Dina A, Butkowski Eugene. Glutathione: Glutathione Sulfide Redox Imbalance in Early Impaired Fasting Glucose. Cardiology and Angiology An International Journal. 2014 Oct-Dec: 2(4): 223-229.