In vitro and in vivo neurogenic potential of mesenchymal stem cells isolated from different sources.
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Date
2014-03
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Abstract
Regenerative medicine is an evolving interdisciplinary topic of research involving numerous technological methods that
utilize stem cells to repair damaged tissues. Particularly, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a great tool in regenerative
medicine because of their lack of tumorogenicity, immunogenicity and ability to perform immunomodulatory as well as
anti-inflammatory functions. Numerous studies have investigated the role of MSCs in tissue repair and modulation of
allogeneic immune responses. MSCs derived from different sources hold unique regenerative potential as they are selfrenewing
and can differentiate into chondrocytes, osteoblasts, adipocytes, cardiomyocytes, hepatocytes, endothelial and
neuronal cells, among which neuronal-like cells have gained special interest. MSCs also have the ability to secrete
multiple bioactive molecules capable of stimulating recovery of injured cells and inhibiting inflammation. In this review
we focus on neural differentiation potential ofMSCs isolated from different sources and how certain growth factors/small
molecules can be used to derive neuronal phenotypes from MSCs. We also discuss the efficacy of MSCs when
transplanted in vivo and how they can generate certain neurons and lead to relief or recovery of the diseased condition.
Furthermore, we have tried to evaluate the appropriatemerits of different sources ofMSCs with respect to their propensity
towards neurological differentiation as well as their effectiveness in preclinical studies.
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Keywords
Clinical trials, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), neuronal differentiation, self-renewal
Citation
Taran Ramyani, Mamidi Murali Krishna, Singh Gurbind, Dutta Susmita, Parhar Ishwar S, John John P, Bhonde Ramesh, Pal Rajarshi, Das Anjan Kumar. In vitro and in vivo neurogenic potential of mesenchymal stem cells isolated from different sources. Journal of Biosciences. 2014 Mar; 39(1): 157-169.