Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Methanol Leaf Extract of Bridelia micrantha (Hochst) Baill. (Euphorbiaceae) in Wistar Rats.
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Date
2014-06
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Abstract
Aerial parts of Bridelia micrantha, a semi-deciduous tree are widely used in African traditional medical practice
in the treatment of painful inflammatory conditions of the joints. This study evaluated the anti-inflammatory
activities of the methanol leaf extract of Bridelia micrantha using acute, sub-acute and chronic models of
inflammation in Wistar rats. In the carrageenan-induced acute inflammation model, 400 mg/kg of extract
produced 71.79 % edema inhibition while 200 mg/kg of the extract produced 55.13 % inhibition relative to 56.41
% inhibition of the rat paw edema with 200 mg/kg of Acetylsalicylic Acid (ASA) within 5 h. In the histamineinduced
rat paw edema model, the extract exhibited 72.97 % protection at 400 mg/kg compared to 83.33 %
edema inhibition with phenylbutazone (100 mg/kg) after 6 h. In the sub-acute model using formaldehyde-induced
paw edema, 400 mg/kg of extract showed 59.77 % (0.35±0.03) inhibition after 24 h, while 54.02 % inhibition
was produced by 200 mg/kg of extract and 200 mg/kg of ASA produced 56.32 % (0.38±0.04) inhibition when
compared with the negative control group (0.87±0.05). In the cotton pellet-induced granuloma test, 400 mg/kg of
extract gave 52.55 % (40.57±1.3) protection, while 200 mg/kg extract gave 47.25 % protection and 200 mg/kg
ASA gave 49.38 % (43.25±1.8) when compared with normal saline treated group (85.5±3.2) after 7 days. The
results obtained in this study showed that Bridelia micrantha leaf extract exhibited potent anti-inflammatory
activities thus authenticating its acclaimed anti-inflammatory efficacy. It was concluded that the extract of
Bridelia micrantha may be a potential anti-inflammatory agent in alleviating edema associated with arthritis and
musculo-skeletal pains in humans.
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Keywords
Edema, Inflammation, Bridelia Micrantha, Acetylsalicylic Acid, Phenylbutazone
Citation
Nwaehujor Chinaka O, Igile Godwin O, Ode Julius O, Udegbunam Rita I. Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Methanol Leaf Extract of Bridelia micrantha (Hochst) Baill. (Euphorbiaceae) in Wistar Rats. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science. 2014 Jun; 4(6): 68-73.