Theriogenology insight

Editor-in-Chief: Dr Saber Mohamed Abd-Allah
ISSN: (Print) 2249-6610 (Online) 2277-3371

Frequency: Half-yearly

Language: English

Open Access Peer-reviewed journal

Web site: https://ndpublisher.in/ndpjournal.php?j=TI

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Recent Submissions

Now showing 1 - 20 of 22
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    Comparing the Clinical Efficacy of Mifepristone and Misoprostol Treatment Protocol for Induction of Parturition in Bitches
    (Reproduction Biology and Genetics Society, 2021-12) Kumar, Devender; Nain, Satish; Badsiwal, Dinesh Kumar; Singh, Narendra; Choudhary, Archana; Panghal, Sanjay
    Successful management of parturition induction is a challenging task in canine. This study made to assess the efficacy of antiprogestagen mifepristone and prostaglandin misoprostol in induction of parturition in bitches. Total of 11 pregnant bitches with gestational age of more than 62 days confirmed by ultrasound scanning and not showing any sings of initiation of parturition were selected. Induction of parturition was initiated by mifepristone (3 mg/ kg b wt PO) twice a day or a combination of mifepristone (3 mg/kg b wt PO) and misoprostol (200 ?g for < 20 kg, 400 ?g for > 20 kg b wt, i/vg) 12 h after second dose of mifepristone. The combination of both drugs mifepristone and misoprostol was more effective for parturition induction.
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    Studies on Haemto-biochemical and Physiological Parameters in Canine Pyometra
    (Reproduction Biology and Genetics Society, 2021-12) Kumar, Devender; Nain, Satish; Badsiwal, Dinesh Kumar; Choudhary, Archana; Panghal, Sanjay
    Canine pyometra is an acute or chronic polysystemic diestrual disorder mainly of mature nulliparous bitches. In this retrospective study, an attempt was made to analyse the physiological and haemato-biochemical parameters of a total of 22 affected bitches attended at Sneh Vet lab and Clinic Bhadra, Bhiwani, (Haryana). The findings revealed pyrexia and tachycardia with normal respiration rate in most of the pyometra affected bitches. Amongst the haemato-biochemical parameters, there were reduced levels of haemoglobin, packed cell volume and total erythrocyte count, along with severe leucocytosis, neutrophilia with shift to left, lymphopenia, eosinophilia and elevated BUN and serum creatinine in the bitches affected with pyometra suggesting bone marrow and renal damage. However, the mean values of mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin as well as serum ALT and AST were within the normal range, confirming normocytic normochromic anaemia without liver dysfunction.
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    Per-vaginal Management of a Fetal Ascites Intended Dystocia in a Cross Breed Cow: A Case Study
    (Reproduction Biology and Genetics Society, 2021-04) Anwar, Sk Md Sadique; Dhara, Souvik
    This article discussed about a case of per-vaginal management of dystocia in a cross breed cow due to fetal ascites cause. A 3.5 years old cross breed cow was presented at Mobile Veterinary Clinic, Gosaba Block, South 24 Paragans, West Bengal with a history of prolonged labor. The water bag was ruptured but there was no progression of parturition. Per-vaginal examination revealed that the cervix was completely dilated and the fetus was in anterior longitudinal presentation with an extremely distended abdomen. The case was diagnosed as dystocia due to fetal ascites. After epidural anesthesia, the abdominal wall of fetus was punctured with a fetotomy knife and about 5-7 liters of clear straw colored ascitic fluid was evacuated. Finally fetus was removed by gentle traction. Post operative therapy with antibiotics, analgesic, intravenous fluid and multivitamin successfully cured the animal.
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    Partial Per-Cutaneous Fetotomy and Per-Vaginal Delivery of Emphysematous Foetus in a Sheep
    (Reproduction Biology and Genetics Society, 2022-04) Dilip, Nalmas; Mounika, Mendu; Rajashri, M; Anand, E Sunil
    The present communication describes partial percutaneous fetotomy and per-vaginal delivery of emphysematous fetus in non-descript biparous ewe due to delayed approach to veterinarian by owner. It was successfully relieved by fetotomy and obstetrical mutational operations followed by clinical management of the animal.
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    Dystocia due to Twin Fetus in Bovine: A case report
    (Reproduction Biology and Genetics Society, 2021-12) Kumar, Devender; Satish; Prakash, Bhanu; Singh, Narender
    A nondescript cattle was reported to dystocia with twin foetus that cause the impaction of maternal pelvis, after lubrication and obstetrical procedure per vaginal both fetus was expelled live with no complication.
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    Estimate the Serum Trace Minerals of Female Black Bengal Goats at Different Stages
    (Reproduction Biology and Genetics Society, 2022-12) Patra, A; Chakrabortty, P.S; Biswas, C.K; Majumdar, D; Sutradhar, S.K.
    Serum hormone level was estimated to find out FSH, LH and total estrogen for all the animals under three treatment groups from 20 to 55 week. The FSH level (from 0.56 to 1.32 ng/ml; 0.91 to 1.91 ng/ml and 0.46 to 1.36 ng/ml for first, second and third treatment group, respectively) was higher in the second group; and third group had lowest level out of the three groups. The serum LH level (0.46 to 1.40 ng/ml and 0.27 to 1.91 ng/dl in first and second treatment group, respectively) showed similar pattern like FSH. The total estrogen was higher in the first treatment group (1.08 to 4.2 pg/ml) than that of the second group (0.14 to 2.30pg/ml) and third group ((0.04 to 2.37 pg/ml)). The serum biochemical profiles of the animals under three groups were estimated by serum glucose, total protein in blood and serum cholesterol levels. The glucose level varied from 65.66 to 77.11, 50.03 to 63.78 and 55.22 to 68.66 mg/dl for the first, second and third group, respectively, with higher value at the time of service. The total protein level did not vary much among the animals under three treatment groups (64.45 to 78.55 g/l). The serum cholesterol level varied between 50.17 to 110.05 mg/dl among all the animals irrespective of groups. During prepubertal period this value was low, but it was higher during pubertal period, time of several other services and towards pregnancy for all groups of animals. Regarding the serum trace mineral status, serum copper level showed higher value from 7 months onwards; serum zinc and iron level were almost similar in first and second group; and the third group showed lower value for all the trace minerals. All the good effects noticed in the first treatment group were due to the non-hormonal factors applied to them through nutrition and buck. The effects in the second group of animals was due to the nutritional effect, whereas, the third group showed poor performance without any support from nutrition and social interaction through buck.
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    Successful Uterine Detorsion and its Therapeutic Management in a Doe
    (Reproduction Biology and Genetics Society, 2021-12) Krishna R. Vamshi; Vaishnavi V. Sree; Rajashri M; Anand E. Sunil
    The present case describes successful uterine detorsion and its therapeutic management in a non-descript goat.
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    Incidence of Genital Organ Abnormalities in Female Genitalia of Marwari Goats
    (Reproduction Biology and Genetics Society, 2022-12) Pooja; Kumar, Pramod; Kumar, Tapendra; Kumawat, B.L; Kumar, Manish
    The present study was conducted to record various gross genital abnormalities of female genital organs in Marwari goats. A total of 115 genital organs were collected from municipal and local abattoir of Bikaner city, randomly. Slaughtered genital organs were segregated in 3 groups viz. healthy non pregnant, pregnant and abnormal groups based on their visual observations. The incidences of various gross genital abnormalities were recorded. Out of total 115 genitalia collected, 80 were found to be grossly normal (69.56%).The percentage of pregnancy wastage was 11.30% (13 out of 115). Over all 22 (19.13%) genitalia had abnormalities. The common genital abnormalities found were uterine infections (18), ovarian cyst (3) and parovarian cyst (1), respectively. All these genital disorders are causes a big damage to reproductive health of goat and if they are not diagnosed or treated early then they cause infertility.
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    Therapeutic Management of Prolonged Postpartum Anoestrus in a Crossbred Jersey Cattle without Hormonal Intervention: A Case Report
    (Reproduction Biology and Genetics Society, 2021-12) Halder, Bithika; Sarkar, Samar
    The present case study discuss about the therapeutic management of prolonged postpartum anoestrus in a crossbred Jersey cattle without any hormonal intervention. A three and half years old cattle having approximate 250 kg body weight was presented to an animal health camp held on Burdhaman district in West Bengal state (India) with a history of postpartum anoestrus. According to the cattle owner the animal hasn’t shown any symptoms of estrus cycle even after five months of first calving. On per-rectal examination the animal failed to reveal distinctly palpable corpus luteum in the ovaries with apparently normal uterus. In this case, at first the cattle was dewormed then managed with supportive therapy by giving vitamins and minerals supplements. For better result ovarian massage was given also. The owner informed that animal came to heat after one month of treatment and now the animal is three months pregnant after conceiving through artificial insemination
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    Reproductive Traits for Identifying Prolific Black Bengal Goat (Capra hircus bengalensis)
    (Reproduction Biology and Genetics Society, 2022-12) Chakrabortty, P.S; Biswas, C.K; Sutradhar, S.K; Majumdar, D.
    The present investigation recorded that the average litter size was 2.03 per doe and the prolificacy rate being 202.92%. The result indicates that the litter size proportion for single, twin and triplet were 28.3%, 40.4% and 31.3% respectively. There was a tendency of increasing body weight with higher litter size and such variation was highly significant (P<0.01). The result revealed that the overall mean age of first estrus was 209.08±2.06 days. Maximum age of first conception was 226.18±5.39 days when the animal gave single birth and the minimum AC was 216.65±4.9 days when it produced triplet indicating that failure of conception was more in single bearing does. Service period were recorded to very significantly (P<0.01) among different litter bearing groups, the highest value was observed in triplet producing does (80.88±4.68 days). This is an important finding to understand that, less Age of Puberty (AP), Age at 1stConception (AC), Days Open (DO) & Kidding Interval (KI) has prominent benefit for multiple foetuses and thus achieving economic benefit.
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    Identify the Phenotypic Indicators for Prognostic of Hypothetical Litter Size of Black Bengal Goat
    (Reproduction Biology and Genetics Society, 2022-12) Chakrabortty P.S; Biswas C.K; Sutradhar S.K; Majumdar D.
    The present investigation recorded that the average litter size was 2.03 per doe and the prolificacy rate being 202.92%. The result indicates that the litter size proportion for single, twin and triplet were 28.3%, 40.4% and 31.3% respectively. The present study revealed substantial phenotypic variations among the goats bearing single, twin and triplet foetus. Based on stepwise discriminant function to find out month wise phenotypic descriptors, some important linear traits namely Punch girth (PG), Body Weight (BW), Rump Length (RL), Croup Height (CrH), Clearance of Sternum (CS), Distance between Tuber coxae (DTC), Distance between Trochanter major (DTM), Head-Rump Length (HRL), Body Length (BL), Curved Head-Rump Length (HRCL), Heart girth (HG, Pelvic Triangle (PLVT) and Wither Height (WH); were identified to be significant in discriminating the foetal numbers between groups. Out of these, HRL measurement might be considered as one of the best indicator for higher Litter Size (LZ) during the second, third, fourth, fifth parity. Other best suitable phenotypic descriptors like BL, CS, PG, PLVT and BW could be used to predict probable kidding size.
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    A Study on Different Diagnostic Approach for Early Recognition of Canine Pyometra
    (Reproduction Biology and Genetics Society, 2021-12) Juneja, Rohit; Jhamb, Dinesh; Katara, Anklesh; Sain, Arpita; Deepak; Ram, Vachna; Bansal, Krishna N; Gaur, Mitesh
    The study aimed to evaluate ultrasonographic findings, radiography, and blood profile in 24 bitches presented for treatment of pyometra. Clinical symptoms such as anorexia, vaginal discharge, depression, polyuria/polydipsia, vomiting, and abdominal distension were seen. Among these various types of diagnostic approaches, ultrasonography a powerful tool for the early detection of uterine abnormalities. Before any clinical alterations could be noticed, ultrasonography allowed the diagnosis of pathologic abnormalities. Pyometra must be identified, diagnosed, and treated as soon as possible to achieve a successful outcome
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    Successful C-section of a Non-descriptive Goat to Relieve from Dystocia
    (Reproduction Biology and Genetics Society, 2021-04) Dhara, Souvik; Bahuguna, Chandni; Sharma, Prachi; Arya, Damini; Sharma, Mridula
    Present case study was associated with successful management of a pregnant doe from dystocia by caesarean section. A 1.5 years old pregnant non-descriptive doe was admitted in the TVCC, C.V.A.Sc., Pantnagar, Uttarakhand with a history of complete gestation period and prolonged labor (more than 12 hours). There was protrusion of both fetal forelimbs from the vaginal opening. Gynaecological examination revealed that the fetus was in Nape presentation. The case was diagnosed as dystocia due to abnormal fetal disposition. The animal was subjected to caesarean operation. The operation was performed under light sedation with 0.1 ml of xylazine and regional inverted L- block was also done with 2% Lignocaine. An oblique incision was given at left flank and recovery of one dead male fetus occurred. Post-operative treatment was done with Inj. Amoxicillin-sulbactum @10 mg/kg intramuscularly, Inj. Tribivet® 5 ml intramuscularly, Inj. Chlorpheniramine maleate @0.5 mg/kg intramuscularly, Meloxicum@0.5 mg/kg intramuscularly and NS 250 ml for five days. Local antiseptic dressing and fly repellant spray was advised for every alternative day. The skin suture was removed on 10th day post-surgery.
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    Special Features in the Reproductive Anatomy, Physiology, and Behavior of Male Camels (Camelus dromedarius)
    (Reproduction Biology and Genetics Society, 2022-12) Purohit, G.N; Nain, Satish; Vyas, Sumant; Chaudhary, Ashok Kumar; Kumar, Amit; Dholpuria, Sandeep; Saraswat, Chandrashekhar; Yadav, Vishal
    The peculiarities of anatomic and physiologic features of dromedary camels are elucidated in this review and compared with Bactrian, camels, and other species. Both dromedary and Bactrian camel scrotum varies in length from 10-20 cm and the testes are in the perineal region behind the thighs (like dogs) and weigh from 80-90 gm and length varies from 10-14 cm. Compared to ram and buck, camel epididymis has a higher weight (20-46 g) and has a unique structure called the intra-epithelial glands. Both dromedaries and Bactrian camels do not have seminal vesicles. Male camels have specialized secretory glands behind the ears known as poll glands that are bigger in the Bactrian camels compared to dromedary camels and similar glands are not seen in any of the other domestic species. Camels have a special reproductive behavior during the breeding season known as rut and include extrusion of the soft palate, copious froth from the mouth, gurgling sounds, splashing of urine, increased secretion from the poll glands and loss of appetite with considerable reduction in body weight. Such behaviors are not evidenced by any other domestic species including buffalo. Serum testosterone rises substantially in male camels during rut (2-42 ng/mL) compared to the non-rutting season (0.6-8 ng/mL) and the resultant increase in the size of the testes, number, and functionality of Leydig cells and secretion of poll glands. The serum thyroidal hormones also increase significantly during the rut season. It is concluded that male camels have some special anatomic and physiologic features of reproduction not observed in other domestic species.
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    Hydrocephalus, Ankylosis and Brachygnathism in an Non-descript Indigenous Calf: A Case Report
    (Reproduction Biology and Genetics Society, 2022-04) Kumar, Umesh; Yadav, Hanuman P; Kumar, Anand
    The present finding of a case reports revealed successful management of per-vaginal delivery of an indigenous male calf with multiple congenital anomalies like hydrocephalus, ankylosis and brachygnathism.
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    Laparohysterotomy for Managing Dystocia due to Uterine Inertia in a Sow: A Case Report
    (Reproduction Biology and Genetics Society, 2022-04) Saraswat, Chandra Shekher; Singh, Yogendra Pal; Ram, Shri; Nupur; Hitesh; Bhakar, Garima; Detha, Akanksha
    A nondescript sow with the history of delivering eight piglets and one remain in uterus since three days but unable to deliver was reported. The case was diagnosed as dystocia due to uterine inertia and laparohysterotomy was performed under general anesthesia, one male dead piglet was recovered successfully. The animal showed uneventful recovery.
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    True Hermaphroditism in a Goat – A case report
    (Reproduction Biology and Genetics Society, 2022-12) M, Lavanya; Chandra, Pradeep; Kumar, Brijesh; Bhagirathi; Shrivastava, Neeraj; Kumar, Harendra
    A four-month-old prepubertal female goat was presented to RVP IVRI Bareilly, with the history of an abnormal growth in the vulva. On clinical examination the growth was found as prominent clitoris, and two peanut sized soft structures were palpable at the subcutaneous in inguinal region. Transabdominal B mode real time ultrasound of inguinal region revealed testis like morphology and presence of uterus and ovaries structures subcutaneously. The case was subsequently diagnosed as hermaphrodism.
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    Prevalence of Reproductive Disorders in Dairy Buffaloes of Sudoor Paschim Province (SPP), Nepal
    (Reproduction Biology and Genetics Society, 2022-04) Bhatta, Bhuwan Raj; Shah, Shambhu; Neupane, Narayan; Kaphle, Krishna
    Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis), also called black gold is an important species of husbandry animal in Nepal. Its multi utility roles in agriculture economy goes beyond providing milk, meat, manure, and draught power in many developing countries including Nepal. Buffalo faming is picking up commercial trend but issues, increasing cost of inputs, increasing resistance and troubleshooting of infective agents remains major hurdles to economic returns. A cross-sectional study using structured questionnaire survey was conducted to determine the incidence of reproductive disorders in dairy buffaloes and its associated risk factors in Sudoor Paschim Province (SPP) of Nepal from November 2020 to February 2021. Out of 389 dairy buffaloes under investigation, 220 (56.56%) had encountered at least one of the reproductive disorders. The major reproductive disorders reported in the present study included repeat breeding (24.94%), followed by cervico-vaginal prolapse (8.23%), retention of placenta (6.68%), uterine prolapse (5.40%), dystocia (4.63%), abortion (2.83%), uterine torsion (2.57%) and still birth (1.29%). Overall, it is suggested that improvement in management system, breeding system, accurate heat detection, balanced feeding, and hygienic condition should be done to minimize the reproductive health disorders in buffaloes of Sudoor Paschim Province
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    Study on Seminal Attributes of X- sperm Enriched Sahiwal Bull Semen
    (Reproduction Biology and Genetics Society, 2022-04) Chaudhary, Deeksha; Devlal, Kamal; Sharma, Mridula
    The present study was conducted to observe the effect of percoll density gradient centrifugation on quality of semen. Ejaculates were collected by AV method from Sahiwal bulls. X-sperm enrichment was done by percoll density gradient method i.e. 7 layers (70-10%). Centrifugation was done at 750 g (22-24°C) for 15 min. The pellets obtained were diluted in EYC medium. Semen quality was evaluated in fresh semen (Control), in pellet of normal centrifugation (Group I), supernatant of centrifugation in percoll density gradient (Group II) and pellet of centrifugation in percoll density gradient (Group III). To assess the quality of enriched semen pH, mass motility, progressive motility, live spermatozoa %, abnormal spermatozoa %, HOST % and intact acrosome % were evaluated. Number of progressively motile sperms in pellet of X- enriched semen were non-significantly increased and significantly (P<0.05) decreased in supernatant. The abnormal spermatozoa (%) were decreased in G III as compared to G II Live spermatozoa (%) were increased in enriched semen (pellet). Number of Intact sperms decreased significantly (P<0.05) in supernatant of percoll density gradient centrifuged Sahiwal semen. HOST responsive sperms number was not affected after percoll density gradient centrifugation. Thus, the semen quality of X-sperm enriched semen by percoll density gradient method (7 layer 70%) was not affected hence it can be used to increase female calves’ birth after A.I.
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    A Review: Lumpy Skin Disease in Cattle
    (Reproduction Biology and Genetics Society, 2022-04) Sain, Arpita; Juneja, Rohit; Venu, Gorre; Panwar, Khusboo; Devansh, Fulmali; Prajapati, Sudhir Kumar; Dutta, Satyabrat; Pankaj, Deepak Kumar
    Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is one of the most economically valuable transboundary and OIE-listed diseases caused by Capripoxvirus in the family Poxviridae. LSD should always be included in the differential diagnosis when cattle exhibit tiny nodules development in the head, neck, udder, rump, perineum, and leg area and elevated body temperature, respiration, and salivation. The economic potential of these diseases is of significant concern, provided that they threaten international trade and could be used as economic bioterrorism agents. Because of the scarcity of reliable vaccinations and the widespread poverty in rural areas, capripoxviruses appear to be spreading more widely. The best treatment for reducing the risk factors for the disease could be strict quarantine, vector control, and prophylactic vaccination. The goal of the current study is to give the information that is currently available on the disease’s various aspects, including its clinicopathology, method of transmission, possible treatments, and diagnostic procedures