Cardiac autonomic activity in young females with primary dysmenorrhea.
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Date
2013-07
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Abstract
Various studies have reported the effect of different phases of
normal menstrual cycle on the autonomic control over the cardiac activity
using heart rate variability (HRV) analysis. However, information on cardiac
autonomic activity in young females suffering from primary dysmenorrhea
(PD) is scant. Hence, the aim of the present study was to assess the HRV
and blood pressure (BP) in different phases of menstrual cycle in women
with PD and to compare these findings with eumenorrheic females. Sixty
healthy unmarried female subjects (30 females with PD and 30 control
subjects), in the age group of 18-25 years, having regular 28-32 days
menstrual cycle were recruited for the study. Anthropometric measurements
such as height, weight, BMI and WHR were measured. Blood pressure was
measured with automatic blood pressure monitor and lead II ECG recordings
were done to obtain HRV, during menstrual, follicular and luteal phases of
menstrual cycle in both groups. The data recorded were subjected to time
and frequency domain analysis. The results showed that dysmenorrheic
women had significantly high BMI (P<0.05). Analysis of HRV during the
different phases of the menstrual cycle between two groups revealed
significantly increased (P<0.01) mean HR and significantly reduced (P<0.01)
mean RR and RMSSD in all the 3 examined phases, SDNN significantly less
(P<0.05) and systolic BP significantly higher (P<0.001) during the luteal
phase in study group compared to control. Also, we observed a statistically
significant decrease in TP and LF ms2 (P<0.05), HF ms2 & nu (P<0.01) in
menstrual phase, HF ms2 (P<0.05) and HF nu (P<0.01) in luteal phase,
while LF nu and LF-HF ratio were found to be significantly higher (P<0.01)
in menstrual and luteal phases in women with PD compared to control
group. This study has shown decreased HRV in the form of increased
sympathetic tone and decreased parasympathetic activity in dysmenorrheic
women which may be considered an important cardiovascular risk factor.
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Keywords
heart rate variability, primary dysmenorrhea, parasympathetic activity, sympathetic activity, young females
Citation
Singh Kiran, Srivastava Divya, Archana, Misra Rajesh, Tyagi Mamta. Indian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology. 2013 Jul-Sept; 57(3): 246-254.