Acute and Sub-Chronic Toxicity Studies of Aqueous Extract of Root Bark of Cassia Sieberiana D.C. in Rodents.
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Date
2014-04
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Abstract
Acute and sub-chronic toxicity studies of the aqueous extract of the root bark of C. sieberiana (Caesalpiniaceae),
a plant used locally in Ghana for the treatment of pain, was carried out in rodents. In the acute study, a single oral
dose (5000 mg/kg) of the aqueous extract of C. sieberiana (NPK) was administered to six rats and six mice, and
observed for 14 days for signs of acute toxicity. In the sub-chronic study, rats were administered with NPK (15-
750 mg/kg) daily for three months. Urinalysis, haematological and biochemical analyses were carried out on
urine, blood and serum samples collected at the end of the three-month treatment. Histological analyses of the
liver, heart, kidney and lung tissues were also done. The results showed that administration of 5000 mg/kg of
NPK to animals did not result in death. There were no significant differences (p>0.05) between control and test
animals in the haematological assay. The albumin, alkaline phosphatase and total bilirubin were higher (p<0.05)
in test animals compared to the controls. Liver micrographs showed centrilobular necrosis at the dose of 750
mg/kg. The findings, therefore, show that the oral toxicity of NPK in rodents is low (oral LD50 > 5000 mg/kg).
However, the extract may have deleterious effects on the liver at high doses on prolonged administration.
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Keywords
urinalysis, micrograph, centrilobular necrosis, nephroprotective, biochemical
Citation
Donkor Kofi, Okine Laud N K, Abotsi Wonder K M, Woode Eric. Acute and Sub-Chronic Toxicity Studies of Aqueous Extract of Root Bark of Cassia Sieberiana D.C. in Rodents. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science. 2014 Apr; 4(4): 84-89.