Toxicity Testing of Tartrazine using the Nematode Caenorhabditis Elegans, Brine Shrimp Larvae (Artemia Salina) and KGN Granulosa Cell Line.
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Date
2013-11
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Abstract
Tartrazine is a yellow food colorant, widely used in food products, drugs and cosmetics. The acceptable daily
intake (ADI) oh human is 0-7.5 mg/kg body weight. The objective of our study was to examine the toxicity of
Tartrazine and its main metabolite Sulphanilic acid to the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, Brine Shrimp larvae
(Artemia Salina) and KGN granulosa cell line; in the aim to develop our knowledge about their toxicity effects.
In this research, toxicity of Tartrazine and Sulphanilic acid were examined to the nematode Caenorhabditis
elegans with Escherichia coli as a food source. Our results showed that from a 3 mM concentration of Tartrazine,
and 1mM of Sulphanilic supplementation can disrupt the cell cycle nematode C. elegans even if it does not cause
death. Different concentrations of Tartrazine and Sulphanilic acid (1, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, 25 50, 75, 100 μg/ml) were
tested for their toxicity in a short term bioassay using Brine Shrimp (Artemia salina). The Brine Shrimp were
hatched in artificial sea water and exposed to the Tartrazine and Sulphanilic acid after 48 hours. LC50 values
were calculated after probit transformation of the resulting data. Tartrazine did not show any significant toxicity
against Brine Shrimp but Sulphanilic acid was mildly toxic (LC50 value (μg/ml) of ~82.3 μg/ml). The Brine
Shrimp assay proved to be a convenient and rapid system for toxicity assessment. The human KGN ovarian
granulosa-like tumor cell culture line has been used as an in vitro system for determination of the effects of
Tartrazine and sulphanilic acid, the result showed that Tartrazine and Sulphanilic acid were unaffected after 24 h
of treatment exposure.
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Keywords
Tartrazine, Sulphanilic acid, Caenorhabditis elegans, brine shrimp, KGN granulosa cell line
Citation
Himri Imane, Guaadaoui Abdelkarim, Souna Faiza, Bouakka Mohammed, Melhaoui Ahmed, Hakkou Abdelkader, Saalaoui Ennouamane. Toxicity Testing of Tartrazine using the Nematode Caenorhabditis Elegans, Brine Shrimp Larvae (Artemia Salina) and KGN Granulosa Cell Line. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science. 2013 Nov; 3(11): 51-58.