Interruption of Annual Single Dose DEC Regimen Administration : Impact on Wuchereria Bancrofti Microfilaraemia, Vector Infection and Infectivity Rates.
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Date
2009-03
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Abstract
The effect of single dose diethylcarbamazine regimen (6mg/ kg body wt.)
in comparison to standard DEC regimen i.e; 72mg/kg body wt
(administered in 12 consecutive days) in clearing Wuchereria bancrofti
microfilariae from low density micro filariae carriers (1- 8 mf per 20 μl) and
its impact on vector infection rate were studied in an urban region
endemic for bancroftian filariasis. The efficacy of DEC regimens were
determined by assessing the rate of successful treatment, percentage cure
rate and percentage decrease in microfilariae count in treated subjects.
The 12 days regimen was found very effective with 100% cure rate even
after 4 years of drug therapy. In subjects, who received single dose DEC
regimen, the rate of successful treatment, cure rate and percent decrease in
micro filariae count was significantly low when assessed 24 hour after
therapy. Reexamination of subjects in this group at 6, 12, 24 and 48 months
after therapy showed a sharp decline in all therapeutic indices and the
microfilariae count reached pretreatment levels by 4th year of drug
therapy. The single dose regimen had a marginal impact on vector
infection and infectivity rates in Culex quinquefasciatus. A marked
increase of vector infection and infectivity rates in parallel to human
microfilaraemia rate was recorded from the same households when
examined after 4th yr after therapy. Thus the single dose 6mg/kg body wt.
DEC regimen (administered only once) failed to clear microfilariae even
in a situation of filarial low endemicity and did not influence the
transmission potential of C. quinquefasciatus.
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Keywords
Single dose DEC, microfilaraemia, vector infection, vector infectivity rate
Citation
Dixit Vandana, Gupta A K, Prasad G B K S. Interruption of Annual Single Dose DEC Regimen Administration : Impact on Wuchereria Bancrofti Microfilaraemia, Vector Infection and Infectivity Rates. Journal of Communicable Diseases. 2009 Mar; 41(1): 25-31.