Defensive and secondary metabolism in Astragalus chrysochlorus cell cultures, in response to yeast extract stressor.
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Date
2009-01
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Abstract
In this study it was aimed to investigate inducibility of secondary metabolism in Astragalus chrysochlorus by yeast extract which
is known to cause the synthesis of defensive phenolic metabolites. Cell suspension cultures of Astragalus chrysochlorus responded to
elicitor treatment (10 gl-1 yeast extract) by increasing phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL E.C. 4.3.1.5) activity, the key enzyme of
phenylpropanoid pathway and accumulation of phenolic compounds. Yeast extract was added on 13th day in the cultures when cells were
at early stage of logarithmic phase. The highest PAL activity (2.71 U μg protein-1 min-1) was measured at 36 hr after addition of yeast extract
and increasing of total phenolics accompanied with 221 μg g-1 value as fresh weight (FW). Total phenolic content reached maximum value,
343.86 μg g-1 FW, at 48 hr while control’s value was 162 μg g-1 FW. Maximum PAL activity and total phenolic content were 2.88 and 2.12
times higher than the controls of A. chrysochlorus cells, respectively. Our results indicate that there is a positive correlation between
induced PAL activity and accumulation of total phenolics. It is considered that early defense response given to environmental stressors
such as biotic and abiotic factors by upregulation of phenolic branch of secondary metabolism occurs in A. chrysochlorus with addition of
yeast extract.
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Keywords
Astragalus chrysochlorus, Cell suspension, Elicitor, Phenylalanine ammonia lyase, Phenolics, Yeast extract
Citation
Cakir Ozgur, Ari Sule. Defensive and secondary metabolism in Astragalus chrysochlorus cell cultures, in response to yeast extract stressor. Journal of Environmental Biology. 2009 Jan; 30(1): 51-55.