Clinical features and outcome of systemic lupus erythematosus.
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Date
2009-08
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Abstract
We report the clinical profile, treatment and outcome of systemic lupus erythematosus in 70 patients between the age of 4-15 years. Fever (94.2%), arthritis (65.7%) and malar rash (57.1%) were the chief extra-renal manifestations. The ESR was raised in 98.5% patients, anemia was seen in 60% and direct Coombs test was positive in 58.3%. Antinuclear antibody was positive in all; anti-double stranded DNA antibody and low C3 levels were seen in 77.1% and 80%, respectively. Renal involvement was noted in 77.1% and included proteinuria (53%), hematuria (42.8%), hypertension (18.5%) and elevated serum creatinine (8.6%). Renal histology showed class I nephritis in 3.7%, class II in 44.4%, class III in 4.3%, class IV in 44.4% and class V in 1.8%. On follow up 18.8 months later, 70% patients were in remission, 7.5% had active disease and 7.5% died. The characteristics of childhood lupus erytematosus were similar to those previously reported. The outcome was favorable in most cases.
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Keywords
Systemic lupus erythematosus, Lupus nephritis, India
Citation
Agarwal Indira, Kumar T Sathish, Ranjini Kala, Kirubakaran Chellam, Danda Debashish. Clinical features and outcome of systemic lupus erythematosus. Indian Pediatrics. 2009 Aug; 46(8): 711-715.