Association of ABO groups in malaria infection of variable severity.
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Date
2012-06
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Abstract
Background & objectives: Literature reports several studies on ABO groups and malaria but a study with an adequate sample size and controls is not available. ABO groups are genetically controlled, hence, large sample
size and comparison with population frequency is essential. To determine whether malaria infection with variable
severity has correlation with ABO groups.
Study design & Methods: Blood samples of non-transfused malaria cases were obtained from pathology laboratories
and transfused malaria patients’ from Blood Bank. The malaria parasites were identified by examination of
thick and thin smears. Control (normal population) included 11,303 students.
Results: The ABO group frequency of normal population was ‘O’ 32.3%, ‘A’ 22.2%, ‘B’ 36.7% and ‘AB’ 8.8%.
The overall ABO group distribution in 8028 malaria cases was ‘O’ 30%, ‘A’ 24.6%, ‘B’ 35.5% and ‘AB’ 8.9%.
‘A’ group incidence was significantly higher than normal (‘A’ vs non-‘A’ 2 = 15, df=1, p <0.001). ABO group
frequencies were comparable within Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax malaria. There was no significant
difference in ABO group distribution in malaria patients having severe anemia or among transfused and nontransfused
malaria cases. About 32% of P. falciparum cerebral malaria cases and 36% DIC cases were of ‘A’
group. Compared to 22.2% ‘A’ group in the population, malaria cases showed preponderance of ‘A’ group.
Because of the small numbers statistical evaluation was not done.
Conclusion: ‘A’ blood group is more susceptible to have malaria infection and risk of cerebral malaria and DIC
in malaria is also more in ‘A’ group individuals.
Description
Keywords
ABO groups, cerebral malaria, DIC in malaria, malaria, P. falciparum, P. vivax, severe anemia
Citation
Gupte Snehalata C, Patel Ankur G, Patel Tanvi G. Association of ABO groups in malaria infection of variable severity. Journal of Vector Borne Diseases. 2012 Jun; 49(2): 78-81.