Genetic correlates influencing immunopathogenesis of HIV infection.
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Date
2011-12
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Abstract
Variability to HIV infection, its progression as well as responsiveness to antiretroviral therapy (ART)
is observed among individuals including viraemia controllers or exposed uninfected, rapid versus
slow progressors and ART responders compared to non responders. This differential responsiveness/
vulnerability to HIV-1 is governed by multiple host genetic factors that include HLA, cytokines,
chemokines, their receptors and others. This review highlights the influence of these genetic factors on
HIV/AIDS outcome; however, in India, the information in this area is very limited and most of these
genetic studies have been conducted in Caucasian and South African populations. Considering, the
population specific differences in the frequencies of protective or susceptibility favouring alleles and
their influence on the disease outcome, it is of utmost importance to strengthen ongoing efforts towards
defining largely unknown genetic propensity in Indian population, particularly by recruitment of large
cohorts of well categorized exposed uninfected individuals, rapid, long term non progressors and elite
viraemic controllers. Multi-parametric analysis of these potentially interactive immunogenetic variables
in these cohorts may help to define potential targets for diagnostics and therapy in a population specific
manner.
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Keywords
Chemokines, cytokines, clades, exposed uninfected individuals, genetic correlates, genetic variants, HIV, HIV/AIDS, HLA, immunopathogenesis, rapid & slow progressors, viraemia controllers
Citation
Sharma Gaurav, Kaur Gurvinder, Mehra Narinder. Genetic correlates influencing immunopathogenesis of HIV infection. Indian Journal of Medical Research. 2011 Dec; 134(6): 749-768.