Chiang Mai Dental Journal

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    Adhesive bond strength between resin cements and root canal dentin
    (Chiang Mai Dental Journal, 2010-06-03) Phanassaya Jaturanont; Pavisuth Kanjantra; Nopawong Leuvitoonvechaki
    This study compared shear bond strength between root canal dentin and a variety of resin cements: two self-adhesive (Rely X U100, Multilink Sprint), one with self-etch system (Panavia F 2.0) and one with total-etch system (Variolink II with 3 step).  Forty single-canal premolars each provided into two pieces of  2 mm-thick disk-shaped samples and  Peeso reamers No. 4 were used to prepare all canal surfaces.  The specimens were randomly divided into four groups of twenty (n=20) , which were filled with one of the four resin cements and then stored in distilled water for 24 hours at 37 °C.  Shear bond strengths were measured with an Instron testing machine and data analyzed by one-way ANOVA (p
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    Molar Intrusion for Treating Anterior Open Bite: A Review of the Literature
    (Chiang Mai Dental Journal, 2010-06-24) Sirinya Rungtawekit; Dhirawat Jotikasthira
    Molar intrusion is an option for treating skeletal open configuration cases. Molar intrusion causes counter-clockwise mandibular rotation and anterior open bite closure. Many techniques have been used to intrude maxillary and mandibular teeth by various mechanisms, such as passive posterior bite-blocks, active vertical correctors, functional appliances, and multi-loop edgewise arch wire techniques. Anchorage systems have included high-pull head gear, and recently, miniscrew implants. This article aimed to review all those non-surgical techniques and their mechanisms for molar intrusion.
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    Health Care for Infection Prevention from Dental Practice of Dental Professional Staffs of the Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University
    (Chiang Mai Dental Journal, 2010-06-24) Kanokpan Chaungsom
    The purpose of this study was to survey health care for infection prevention of the dental staffs in the dental clinics of the Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University.  Questionnaires were distributed to 164 dental staffs including dental assistants, nurses, and dentists. The questions were asked about their health care behavior regarding to the infection control in dental clinics.  Data were collected during February to August, 2008. One hundred and fifty two (92.68%) staffs were responded. The results showed that the annual physical examination that the respondents were mostly performed was blood testing (84.2%), while general physical examination was conducted in only 75% of the respondents. About sixty four percents of the respondents reported injuries from needle stick or sharp instruments and most of the accidents (26.3%) occurred during the instrument cleaning procedures. Exposure to the AIDS patients were highest informed (78.3%), followed by hepatitis B (68.4%) and herpes (57.9%). About 20% of the respondents received hepatitis B vaccination and 15.1 % had Tetanus toxoid. Regarding to protective barriers, the respondents mostly used gloves (86.9%) and masks (80.9%), but face shield (32.9%) were lesser used. 30.9% of the respondents usually recapped needle by their hands and that may cause needle stick injury. And when the injuries were happened, only 34.3% of the respondents reported the accidents to their head supervisors. This study concluded that the dental staffs had a high possibility of being infected during their works. The reasons included the chance to contact the high risk patients, activities during works that may cause accidents and inappropriate use of protective barriers. It is recommended that scrupulous practice following guidelines of infection control should be concerned. Keywords: health care personnel, infection prevention
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    Oral Pemphigus Vulgaris
    (Chiang Mai Dental Journal, 2010-06-08) Surawut Pongsiriwet; Theerayuth Kuntharaniranan; Watcharaporn Thosaporn
    Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is a chronic autoimmune intraepithelial vesiculobullous disease of the skin and mucous membranes. PV commonly affects the oral mucosa and it can be the initial site of presentation. Oral lesions present as painful ulcers preceded by bullae. The diagnosis of PV is based on clinical, histopathologic and immunopathologic examination. Systemic steroids are the mainstay of treatment for PV. This article reviews the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentations, diagnosis and management of PV.Key Words: pemphigus vulgaris, steroids
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    Radiographic Assessment of the Relationship between Lower Third Molar and the Inferior Alveolar Canal
    (Chiang Mai Dental Journal, 2010-06-08) Phattaranant Mahasantipiya
                Many complications have been reported following the removal of lower third molars. Inferior alveolar nerve injury is one of those, and symptoms may range from temporary sensory alterations to paresthesia. To prevent this damage, pre-operative localization of the inferior alveolar nerve is necessary, and a radiographic examination is known as a modality to reveal how close of the inferior alveolar canal to the root of the lower third molar impaction. Various radiographic techniques have been applied for investigation. This article reviews radiographic features of the inferior alveolar canal and the use of panoramic and tomography in assessing the relationship between the inferior alveolar canal and the roots of third molars.  Prescription of radiographic techniques in clinical use is also discussed.Keywords: Paresthesia, Inferior alveolar canal, Tomography
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    Sealing Ability of Root Canal Filling in Canals Medicated with 3Mix-MP
    (Chiang Mai Dental Journal, 2010-05-26) Kamonwan Tremrangsee; Saengusa Khemaleelakul
    There has been a more tendency to use 3Mix-MP as intracanal medication because of its efficiency to eliminate bacteria remaining in endodontic lesion. However, Macrogol; which is a composition of vehicle may cause remnant of the medication in root canal and may affect on sealing ability of root canal fillings. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the sealing ability of root canal filling in canals medicated with 3Mix-MP. Extracted ninety-two human upper incisors were prepared and randomly divided into two groups. Group 1 was medicated with 3Mix-MP. Group 2 was not medicated. After irrigation, two teeth of each group were examined with SEM. The others were obturated with gutta percha and either AH plus or ZOE sealer. The specimens were subjected to leakage study using dye penetration method. Results showed that canals medicated with 3Mix-MP had significantly more leakage than those without medication in canals sealed with AH plus (P \< 0.05). However, there was no significantly difference of leakage among canals sealed with ZOE sealer.Keywords: sealing ability, root canal sealer, root canal filling, 3Mix-MP
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    Crown and Fixed Partial Denture Contours for Posterior Teeth
    (Chiang Mai Dental Journal, 2010-06-24) Napaporn Adchariyapitak
    One of the prime goals of crown and fixed partial denture treatment is to maintain periodontal health, in which restoration contour is an important factor. In posterior teeth appropriate restoration contour promotes good function, comfort and esthetics, and facilitates the maintenance of periodontal health. Dentists should pay attention to creating suitable restoration contours in order to achieve successful treatment.
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    Revascularization of Non-vital Immature Permanent Teeth with Apical Periodontitis
    (Chiang Mai Dental Journal, 2010-05-26) Patchanee Chuveera; Teerin Limsopatham
    Traditional treatments of non-vital immature permanent teeth with apical periodontitis are apexification with calcium hydroxide or MTA. It induces further development of an apex to close the foramina, but does not promote the thickness of the entire canal wall dentin and root length.  A tooth with thin root dentin and large canal lumen is prone to fracture. A new treatment to regain the vital tissue has recently been introduced. It promotes development of entire canal wall dentin and root length. The advantage of this technique can reinforce the weakened root against fracture. In the early case reports this technique was called “revascularization”. It involves disinfecting the root canal system with minimum irritation of pulp tissue, providing a space or matrix of blood clot into which the cell could grow, and sealing of the coronal access. This review provides case reports, material and procedure, possible mechanism and advance technology in tissue engineering that may lead to success in revascularization.Keywords: Apexification, apexogenesis, immature teeth, open apex, revascularization
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    In-Office Treatment of Dentinal Hypersensitivity
    (Chiang Mai Dental Journal, 2010-05-26) Nitayanan Jittawannarat; Tadchan Krongbarame
    Dentinal hypersensitivity is a common dental complaint which is characterized by short and sharp pain arising from exposed dentin in response to external stimuli. Dentinal hypersensitivity cannot be ascribed to any other forms of dental defects or diseases. This paper provides an overview of the current knowledge of epidemiology, diagnosis, etiology and clinical management of dentine hypersensitivity with emphasis on mechanism of action and clinical evidence for the efficacy of In-Office treatment to reduce dentine hypersensitivity.Keywords: Dentinal Hypersensitivity, In-Office Treatment
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    Management of Sensitivity during Tooth Bleaching
    (Chiang Mai Dental Journal, 2010-06-03) Tadchan Krongbaramee; Pavisuth Kanjantra; Poosit Kanchanavasita
    Tooth sensitivity is the most common side-effect of tooth bleaching treatment, and often results in patients discontinuing treatment. This article focuses on the management of tooth sensitivity during tooth bleaching procedures, by describing etiology, prevention and treatment of tooth sensitivity to increase patients comfort and satisfaction.Keywords: tooth bleaching, tooth sensitivity
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    Self Adhesive Resin Cement
    (Chiang Mai Dental Journal, 2010-06-16) Phusit Kanchanavasita; Nongnapanan Campinchai; Tadchan Krongbaramee
                    Nowadays, the demand for indirect restorations has increased, so the important of the selection of luting materials has increased too. There are many luting materials available to clinicians with different properties and different clinical uses. Proper selection of luting materials leads to long term clinical success. Self adhesive resin cement is one of the luting materials that widely used because of its insensitive technique, no surface treatment of tooth structure and less post-operative tooth sensitivity. In this article, some studies of properties of this cement and other type of resin cement have been presented to be considerations for proper luting cement selection for each restoration to be the best benefit for patients.  Keyword: Self Adhesive Resin Cement, Indirect restoration
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    Recurrent Oral Herpes Simplex Infections: A Report of Three Cases and Literature Review
    (Chiang Mai Dental Journal, 2010-06-16) Urai Buathong
    Recurrent oral herpes simplex infections are founded in normal general populations who have been primarily-infected and have antibody against HSV. Recurrent herpes labialis is found more often than recurrent intraoral herpes. But intraoral herpes may be increasing slightly now with difference in severity and morbidity. Treatments generally are supportive, but in severe case systemic antiviral may be useful. Prophylaxis with antiviral to prevent recurrences may be needed in patients with low immunity, severe and frequent recurrences or patients who experienced recurrent erythema multiforme following episodes of recurrent HSV infections. Diagnosis of recurrent intraoral herpes is based on case-specific historical findings, clinical appearances and location of the lesions. Dentist who often see and treat patients with many types of ulcerations must give proper diagnosis, proper treatment, proper informations and aware of preventing spread of infections from these patients. This article reviews the literature of herpes simplex infections and reports 3 cases of intraoral recurrent herpes simplex virus infection.Key words: Herpes simplex virus, recurrent herpes
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    Restoring the class v sclerotic lesion
    (Chiang Mai Dental Journal, 2010-06-02) Tadchan Krongbaramee; Yuttana Khuwuttayakorn
    Several reports have indicated that resin bond strengths to non-carious sclerotic cervical dentine are lower than those to normal dentine. Sclerotic dentine is a clinically relevant bonding substrate in which the dentine has been physiologically and pathologically altered. Hypermineralized layer on sclerotic dentin surface is resisted to acid-etching. Partial or complete obliteration of the dentinal tubules and embedded bacteria in partially mineralized matrix have effect on adhesion of resin adhesive on dentin surface. The purpose of this review was to clarify the problems encounter with this lesions, recommendation and to restore class V sclerotic lesions.Keywords:  sclerotic dentine, non-carious cervical lesion
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    Embedded Canine Autotransplantation: Case Report
    (Chiang Mai Dental Journal, 2010-06-16) Mutita Puapipatpong
    Tooth autotransplantation, is the surgical movement of a tooth from its alveolus to another site in the same person. It involves the transfer of an impacted or unerupted tooth to an extraction site or a newly surgically prepared alveolus. Autotransplantation has achieved high success rates and is an excellent option for tooth replacement. Careful patient selection coupled with an appropriate technique can lead to exceptional esthetic and functional results. The advantages of this procedure are comparative cost-effectiveness, better alternative than prosthodontics and not impede the normal growth of facial bones. Whereas the disadvantages are a surgical involvement superior to that of a simple extraction and a poor prediction of the final outcome. This article highlights the tooth autotransplantation has been a viable option for tooth replacement for carefully selected patients using one case report as example. Reviews of previous works as well as success rates are also discussed.Key words: canine, tooth transplantation
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    Bioinformatics and Dentistry
    (Chiang Mai Dental Journal, 2010-06-08) Jitjiroj Ittichaicharoen; Michael McCullough
    Bioinformatics was established more than 40 years ago since the sequencing of the first protein by Margaret Dayhoff in 1965.  Subsequently, many tools and technologies have been discovered to support Bioinformatics, and resulting in much scientific research in diverse fields such as microbiological, biomolecular and advanced medical explorations.  Reciprocally, research efforts in these disciplines result in enhancing bioinformatics tools and techniques.  Currently, bioinformatics has only had a superficial effect on dental research.  Although many dental researchers undertake molecular research, they did not fully utilize bioinformatics.  The aims of this paper is to outline how Bioinformatics can be utilized in many areas of dental research such as oral medicine, oral microbiology and oral cancer, to aid in the development of diagnostic methods, treatment planning, and potential preventive techniques.Key Words:    Bioinformatics, Dentistry, Oral biology, Genomics, Proteomics
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    Palladium in Dentistry
    (Chiang Mai Dental Journal, 2010-06-08) Boonchai Chaoklaiwong
                In dentistry, palladium is a precious metal which is a major component of the crown and bridge prothodontics alloy as well as gold. Because the price of gold is higher than palladium, presently, palladium is used instead of gold. The proportion of gold was reduced until none, thus palladium plays more important role in dentistry. There were several studies about the safety of palladium usage in dentistry, especially in biological aspect and toxicity of palladium. There was no evidence supported that palladium is toxic to human health. This article comprised of physical and chemical properties as well as biological effects of palladium will explain about signs and symptoms of the palladium toxicity. It will be useful for consideration of palladium usage in crown and bridge prothodontics for a successful outcome. Key words: toxicity, biocompatibility, palladium, palladium alloy
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    All-ceramic fixed partial denture: Clinical considerations in case selection
    (Chiang Mai Dental Journal, 2010-06-03) Napaporn Adchariyapitak; Varaporn Puriwarangkaku
    For esthetic reasons, all-ceramic fixed partial dentures are increasingly being used for partially edentulous patients. This article discusses criteria for choosing all-ceramic fixed partial dentures according to clinical studies. The development and clinical considerations for treating patients with these restorations are described.Keywords: all-ceramic fixed partial dentures, esthetics, zirconia
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    Interocclusal recording materials for crown and bridge prosthesis
    (Chiang Mai Dental Journal, 2010-06-08) Weeranuch Thong-ngarm
    These are many kinds of interocclusal recording materials used in fixed prosthodontics. So it is important to study their properties before used. This report presents types, properties and indication of different interocclusal recording materials which are used nowadays. This report should be benefit for dentist to be able to select suitable registration materials for their patients.Key words: interocclusal recording material, crown and bridge prosthesis
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    Adhesive bond strength between fiber post and resin composite: A pilot study
    (Chiang Mai Dental Journal, 2010-06-16) Sawittree Anuphan; Pavisuth Kanjantra; Thepparat Khemaleelakul
    The purpose of this study was to evaluate the bond strength between fiber posts and four types of resin composites: Tetric® Ceram, MultiCore® HB, MultiCore® Flow and FiltekTM Z350. Sixteen FRC Postec® posts were cleaned with alcohol and coated with silane coupling agent. The fiber posts were divided into four groups and placed centrally in cylindrical molds which were then filled with one of the resin composites to a diameter of 6 mm. The cylindrical specimens were then sliced to make disc specimens 1 mm. thick. The shear bond strengths were tested using the Universal Testing Machine with cross head speed at 0.5 mm./min. to measure the force (MPa) which pushed the posts out of the resin composites. The means of bond strength were statistically analyzed using One-way ANOVA and LSD. The results showed that the mean bond strength between MultiCore® Flow and fiber posts was the highest and was significantly higher than those of Tetric® Ceram and FiltekTM Z350  (p\< 0.05). Keyword: bond strength, fiber posts, resin composites
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    Effect of Oxalate Desensitizer on Microshear Bond Strength of Adhesive System to dentin.
    (Chiang Mai Dental Journal, 2010-06-03) Pimpinee Eamsa-ard; Sumana Jittidecharaks
    Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate effect of oxalate desensitizer on\  microshear bond strength between dentin and adhesive system. Material and methods: Ten extracted human molar teeth without any caries or restoration were collected. Teeth were cut at cervical area to make dentin disc and then grind into flat plane at both buccal and lingual aspect parallel to outer surface of the tooth into the dentin below dentino-enamel junction (DEJ) 1mm. The specimens were devided to experimental and control group.BisBlock\™(Bisco),oxalate desensitizer, was applied on dentin treated with phosphoric acid in experimental group. For control group, the desensitizer was not applied. Then Adper\™ Single bond 2(3M ESPE) was applied to the treated dentin surface to bond with resin composite, Filtek\™ Z350 (3M ESPE), in 0.7 mm diameter and 1.2 mm thick mold. The specimens were stored in distilled water 37๐C for 24 hours before microshear bond strength was measured using a universal testing machine.The data were analysed statistically using Independent t Test. Result: The means microshear bond strength of oxalate desensitizer experimental group and control group were 19.95\±6.03 MPa and 17.03\±9.33 MPa. There was no significant different between oxalate and control group. Conclusion: Within the limitation of this study, oxalate desensitizer did not reduce microshear bond strength between dentin and on adhesive system.Keywords:\ dentin desensitizer, microshear bond strength, adhesive system\