Browsing by Author "Yadav, Prabhakar"
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Item Effect of local bee honey on dihydrofolate reductase enzyme inhibitor-induced mucositis: A histological study on albino wistar rats(Indian Society for Dental Research, 2019-09) Khanal, Laxman; Yadav, Prabhakar; Baral, Presha; Shah, Rajan; Rauniar, Gagendra PrasadIntroduction: Mucositis is a common complication in around 40% of patients receiving chemotherapy which profoundly impact the quality of life. Despite the availability of many therapeutic agents that claim to prevent or reduce the severity of oral mucositis, no intervention that is completely successful at preventing oral mucositis exists. The present study aimed to demonstrate the effect of local honey on methotrexate-induced mucositis of the tongue. Materials and Methods: The study was done in albino rats (n = 24), divided into four groups: honey-normal saline group (H/NS), distilled water-NS group (DW/NS), DW-methotrexate group (DW/MTX), and H/MTX group. Local honey was given (2.5 g/kg) twice a daily for 8 days. NS or methotrexate (60 mg/kg) interrupted the experiment procedure on day 4. At day 8, rats were sacrificed and middle third of tongue was removed for preparation of histological slides. Slides were examined for inflammatory cell infiltration (ICI), cell vacuolization (CV), congested blood vessels (CBV), thickness of epithelium (both dorsal and ventral mucosa), and thickness keratin. Results: Statistically significant association was found between the groups for ICI and CV, χ2 (3) = 11.97, P= 0.003 for ICI, and χ2 (3) = 8.307, P= 0.023 for CV. Mean number of CBV per microscopic filed was 0.445, 0.389, 1.28, and 0.5 for H/NS, DW/NS, DW/MTX, and DW/H groups, respectively. Mean value of dorsal epithelial thickness (μm) was 96.78 ± 13.59, 100.50 ± 9.75, 75.53 ± 9.24, and 98.75 ± 10.92 for H/NS, DW/NS, DW/MTX, and DW/H groups, respectively. Mean value of ventral epithelial thickness (μm) was 70.45 ± 13.60, 58.38 ± 14.26, 37.04 ± 5.37, and 52.80 ± 7.97 for H/NS, DW/NS, DW/MTX, and DW/H groups, respectively. The thickness of epithelium of DW/MTX group was significantly different from other groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The present study demonstrated the palliative effect of local honey over the mucositis induced by the chemotherapeutic drug (methotrexate).Item Otomandibular Ligaments: Anatomical Exploration and Clinical Application in Humans.(2017-01) Khanal, Laxman; Yadav, Prabhakar; Shah, Sandip; Koirala, SarunLigamentous structures connecting the middle ear and temporomandibular ligament (TMJ) are called as Otomandibular ligaments (OML). Most of the anatomists believed that OML has two parts: malleomandibular ligament (MML) and Discomallear ligament (DML). Both of these ligaments pass through the bony fissure which runs from TMJ to the tympanic cavity, called as Petrotympanic fissure (PTF). Anatomical connection between TMJ and middle ear persists mainly due to continuation of common Meckel’s structure through petro tympanic fissure (PTF). Embryological origin of the MML and DML is debatable but basically, they originates from the first arch. Though they do not play important role in primary movement of TMJ, joint dislocation, anterior disc displacement and hypermobility could happen due to stretching of the DML. MML provides the mechanical support to the head of malleus and forms a movable unit, which acts as suspensory structure for the ossicular chain. Therefore, structural alteration in the MML may plays an important role in affecting middle ear function. The disruption of MML during chronic infection or surgical release of malleus head fixation may affects middle ear sound transmission and results in conductive hearing loss. Shortening of DML by laser coagulation which permits its tightening has been suggested for the treatment of the anterior displacement of the disc. This shortening technique reduces the articular movement range, due to which it was also indicated in the treatment of recurrent temporomandibular dislocations.