Browsing by Author "Singh, P P"
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Item Activity of some anti-inflammatory agents against carrageenin-induced pedal oedema in mice.(1984-01-01) Singh, P P; Rao, C S; Taneja, V; Shridhar, D RItem Aerobic bacterial flora of maternal cervix in relation to neonatal conjunctiva and gastric fluid.(1982-06-01) Singh, P P; Gupta, A P; Gupta, A; Kumar, C; Mathur, H CItem Anaerobic infection of the lung and pleural space in tuberculosis.(1989-04-01) Singh, P P; Sridharan, K B; Bhagi, R P; Singla, RPrevalence of anaerobic bacterial infection in 120 sputum positive cases of pleuro-pulmonary tuberculosis was found to be 53.3 per cent-either as pure or mixed with aerobes. Bacteroides fragilis and B. Melaninogenicus were isolated in 19 (26.6%) and 12 (18.72%) cases respectively. Sensitivity studies showed that these were most sensitive to metronidazole followed by rifampicin and kanamycin. The possibility of anaerobic infection may be considered in patients of pulmonary tuberculosis who do not respond to routine treatment.Item Antimalarial activity of mefloquine and chloroquine against blood induced Plasmodium knowlesi infection in rhesus monkeys.(1981-01-01) Singh, P P; Dutta, G PItem Apolipoprotein E polymorphism and its relation to plasma lipids in coronary heart disease.(2008-03-01) Singh, P P; Singh, M; Bhatnagar, D P; Kaur, T P; Gaur, S KBackground : The present investigation is aimed at examining the Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotypic influence on coronary heart disease (CHD) risk in northwest India (Punjab), where this disease is emerging as a major threat to public-health care system. Materials and Methods: The present study comprised of angiographically diagnosed coronary heart disease patients (n = 193) and controls (n = 150) of Punjab. Genetic polymorphism of APOE gene was investigated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and its association with lipid levels was evaluated. Results : The allele frequencies of epsilon2, epsilon3, and epsilon4 were 0.054, 0.795, 0.151; and 0.077, 0.856, 0.067 in patients and controls respectively. The bearers of E3/E4 genotype had threefold higher propensity of developing CHD in this population (OR, 3.04; CI, 1.55-6.25; P P P Conclusions : A significant association (P = 0.016) of epsilon4 allele, especially E3/E4 genotype, with CHD was observed, along with HDL-C and LDL-C concentrations, in the population of northwest India.Item An arteriographic assessment of renal vasculature in young patients with essential hypertension.(1989-01-01) Kaul, U A; Jain, P; Singh, P P; Tyagi, S; Khalilullah, MTwenty-five patients below the age of 40 years with Uncomplicated hypertension underwent selective renal arteriography to assess the involvement of interlobar and arcuate arteries. Renal vasculature was abnormal in all 25 patients. Patients with severe hypertension had markedly abnormal renal vasculature. None of the patients with mild hypertension had severe vascular involvement. Functional significance of these arteriographic abnormalities is discussed.Item Blood schizontocidal activity of some antibiotics against Plasmodium knowlesi infection in Assamese monkey.(1979-12-01) Dutta, G P; Singh, P PItem Cigarette smoke induced oxidative insult in local population of Pokhara.(2007-10-08) Jha, J C; Maharjan, B R; Adhikari, D; Vishwanath, P; Akila,; Nagamma, T; Azhari, S; Singh, P POBJECTIVES: To assess the effect of cigarette smoking on lipid peroxidation induced oxidative stress, antioxidants, uric acid and blood sugar in normal subjects. METHODS: The study included 61 normal subjects with regular smoking habit and 57 never-smokers normal subjects matched in respect to socio-economic status, age and BMI. Information regarding smoking habit and other personal details were collected by oral questionnaire. Total antioxidant activity (TAA), reduced glutathione (GSH), alpha-tocopherol (alpha-T), ascorbic acid (AA), uric acid (UA), plasma and urinary thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), fasting blood sugar (FBS) and urinary creatinine (Cr) were estimated by standard procedures in both the groups. Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) procedure is used to estimate TAA which measures total dietary antioxidants. Statistical analysis was done with SPSS version 10. RESULTS: The mean pack years smoked by smokers was 14.4 +/- 15.8. The plasma TBARS level in smokers and never-smokers was 2.6 +/- 0.8 and 2.5 +/- 0.6 micromol/L respectively. The respective figure for urinary TBARS level was 4.6 +/- 2.7 and 3.7 +/- 1.4 micromol/gmCr. Smokers did not show any significant difference from never-smokers with respect to GSH, alpha-T, AA, plasma TBARS and FBS. However, the smokers had significantly lower levels of TAA (p<0.05) and raised level of urinary TBARS (p<0.05) and uric acid (p<0.01) as compared to never-smokers. CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that smoking induces mild lipid peroxidation but the body is able to compensate for it by removing its adducts. Importantly it also indicates enhanced oxidation of purines which are essential components of both DNA and RNA. Dietary antioxidants are consumed to scavenge free radicals (FR) and other reactive species (RS) in smoke. Female smokers are more prone to oxidative insult than male smokers. In summary RS present in smoke induce mild lipid peroxidation but are not the major contributors of redox imbalance in smoke induced toxicity in the selected subjects.Item Delivery systems for pediatric parenteral nutrition.(1999-11-02) Chowdhary, S K; Jain, A; Singh, P P; Joseph, S CDelivery systems for parenteral nutrition have to be based on fundamental principles regarding venous access, choice of intravenous line, need for inline filters, infusion rate control and mode of packaging into "all in one" bags/two line/or the older three line system and, above all, the aseptic maintenance of this delivery system. Delivery systems need to be modified as per the available resources and hospital where they are to be used. Central venous access and handling of lines demand a high level of dedication and discipline, ideally left to a dedicated team of nurses and doctors. Staff training is the key factor in developing an efficient delivery system.Item Detection of tubercle bacilli in sputum smear by floatation method--a reappraisal.(1987-01-01) Biswas, S K; Singh, P P; Bhagi, R P; Shah, AItem Detection, frequency and clinical significance of silent myocardial ischaemia in patients with chronic stable angina.(1989-07-01) Kaul, U A; Bhargava, M; Tyagi, S; Singh, P P; Jain, P; Khalilullah, MForty-two patients (mean age 50 years) with chronic stable angina pectoris were subjected to exercise treadmill testing, coronary arteriography and left ventricular cineangiography. Twenty-one of these patients also underwent Holter monitoring for 24 hours. On exercise treadmill testing, angina was the endpoint in 24 (57%), while 18 (43%) developed significant ST segment depression without symptoms. Holter monitoring in 27 patients revealed a total of 248 episodes of myocardial ischaemia of which 210 (84%) were asymptomatic. ST segment depression at 80 mS from J point varied from 1 to 4 mm, and the average duration of ischaemic episodes during Holter monitoring was 9 minutes (range 30 seconds to 1 hour). Heart rate during the ischaemic episodes varied between 65-85 beats/minute. Coronary angiography revealed triple vessel disease in 22 (52%) and double vessel and single vessel involvement in 10 (24%) each. Left ventricular ejection fraction was less than 50% in only 3 (7%) patients. Thus silent myocardial ischaemia is detected frequently in patients with angina pectoris. It occurs during routine daily activity, and on exercise. Heart rate at which silent myocardial ischaemia occurs is much less during daily activity as compared to exercise induced ischaemia. All patients who were detected to have silent myocardial ischaemia had significant coronary artery disease. These findings are of prognostic and therapeutic value.Item Dietary infection of homogentisicaciduria in rats.(1973-09-01) Sharma, D C; Simlot, M M; Singh, P P; Mongia, S PItem Effect of dietary methionine and inorganic sulfate with and without calcium supplementation, on urinary calcium excretion of guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus).(1993-01-01) Singh, P P; Hussain, F; Gupta, R C; Pendse, A K; Kiran, R; Ghosh, RSupplementation of sodium sulfate and DL-methionine along with the standard diet to guinea pigs nearly doubled the urinary calcium in 6 weeks. This was probably due to decreased tubular reabsorption of calcium which was complexed with sulfate in the tubular lumen. A mild calcium load didn't further enhance calcium excretion in sodium sulfate supplemented group, but did so in methionine supplemented group. It may be due to methionine which might have increased the intestinal absorption of calcium. Both of these compounds increased citric acid excretion and decreased magnesium excretion.Item Effect of dietary salt (NaCl) supplementation on urinary profile of guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus).(1992-05-01) Singh, P P; Hussain, F; Gupta, R C; Pendse, A KSodium chloride supplementation (120 mg/kg of body weight/day) for 12 days increased the urinary excretion of calcium from 91.6 +/- 9.0 to 159.4 +/- 16.0 mumol/day and of sulphate from 266.8 +/- 24.5 to 1176.9 +/- 87.2 mumol/day in guinea pigs. The stone risk due to increased urinary calcium excretion could possibly be counterbalanced by increasing urinary sulphate excretion. High salt intake, thus, could not increase the risk of stone formation.Item Effect of oral zinc sulphate on serum lipids and lipoproteins in human subjects.(1988-01-01) Shah, D R; Singh, P P; Gupta, R C; Bhandari, T KA controlled study was undertaken to evaluate the hypolipidemic effect of zinc. Ten stabilized patients of ischaemic heart disease (IHD) were given 200 mg of zinc sulphate orally thrice a day for one month (Test group). Ten other patients were given a placebo (Control group). Serum cholesterol, triglycerides, alpha-lipoproteins and beta-lipoproteins were measured before and after the treatment period. Test group showed a significant decrease in serum cholesterol and beta-lipoproteins, a significant increase in alpha-lipoproteins and no significant change in triglycerides. Control group showed no significant change in any parameter. These results show the potential value of zinc sulphate in the treatment of hyperlipidemia and IHD.Item Effectiveness of a unani therapy (sangesarmahi) in management of urinary stone disease.(1993-03-01) Ahmed, A; Pendse, A K; Surana, S S; Singh, P P; Sharma, P NA Unani medicine called fish stones, an isolate from the skull of Channa sp. when given to stone bearing patient daily in 3 equally divided doses (25 mg/capsule) for 5 days, spontaneously voided the stone in 36% of the stone patients during 5 days of therapy. The therapy did not influence the urinary chemistry and was not a powerful expulsion agent of stone but did effect on ureteric muscles to facilitate the movement of stone down the urinary tract. In guinea pigs, the therapy could not reduce the intensity of experimentally induced hyperoxaluria but showed several other beneficial effects. It decreased urinary uric acid and mucoprotein levels, serum LDH and ALT level; prevented rise in liver LDH and GAO activities and kidney-LDH activity. Histological examination revealed decreased intensity of calcification in liver, kidney and bladder tissues.Item Effects of some drugs influencing brain monoamines on body temperature of albino rat.(1978-09-01) Singh, P P; Bhattacharya, S K; Bose, R; Das, P KItem Evaluation of dimethyl sulfoxide as a solvent in pharmacological experiments.(1987-11-01) Varma, R K; Kaushal, R; Thomas, G P; Junnarkar, A Y; Singh, P P; Tripathi, R MItem Evaluation of oxidative stress and antioxidant activity in pre and post hemodialysis in chronic renal failure patients from Western region of Nepal.(2014-01) Nagamma, T; Ahmed, S; Pai, A; Mohan, S; Chathurvedi, A; Singh, P PObjective: To evaluate the oxidative stress and antioxidant activity in pre and post hemodialy- sis in chronic renal failure patients using a diacetate cellulose membrane. Background: Chronic Renal Failure is a gradual, progressive and irreversible loss of normal functioning of kidneys. This is associated with increased formation of reactive oxygen species and increased oxidative stress. No studies have been undertaken in this area in Nepal. Method: The study groups were devided into chronic renal failure patients undergoing hemodialysis (n=52) and healthy controls (n=52). Diacetate cellulose was used as dialyzer membrane for chronic renal failure patients. Blood samples were collected in EDTAbottles and plasma was used for the estimation of oxidative stress marker, total antioxidant activity, vita- min C, α-tocopherol, urea and creatinine. Results: There was significant reduction in the levels of vitamin C,α -tocopherol and total antiox- idant activity in post dialysis patients compared to predialysis and control groups (p<0.001). Plasma urea and creatinine levels were high in predialysis patients compared to controls and was significantly reduced after dialysis. Significantly elevated malondialdehyde levelswere found in chronic renal failure patients before and after dialysis when compared with controls. Conclusion: The results of our study indicate that there are reduced levels antioxidants in chronic renal patients in pre and post dialysis condition and also more loss of antioxidants after dialysis. All these condition leads to increased oxidative stress in these patients.Item Frequency and duration of silent myocardial ischemia in patients with unstable angina before and after intensive medical therapy.(1991-09-01) Kaul, U A; Bhargava, M; Singh, P P; Bhat, A; Jain, P; Khalilullah, MFrequency and duration of silent myocardial ischemia (SMI) on Holter recording were determined in 20 patients with unstable angina before and after 4 weeks of intensive triple drug therapy with oral nitrates (20-80 mg daily), betablocker (metoprolol 100-200 mg/day) and calcium channel blocker (nifedipine 40-80 mg/day). The number of ischemic episodes decreased from 445 (409 silent) to 149 (140 silent) (p less than 0.001), and mean duration of silent and symptomatic ischemia per patient decreased from 5.9 +/- 3.3 minutes to 2.4 +/- 2.6 minutes (p less than 0.001) and 4.1 +/- 5.5 minutes to 1.4 +/- 2.8 minutes (p less than 0.001) respectively. Intensive medical therapy is effective in ameliorating SMI in patients with unstable angina.
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