Browsing by Author "Kapoor, S"
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Item 5/6/7/8 mono or disubstituted 1H/1-phenyl-9H-pyrido [3,4 b] indoles--a new class of antifilarial agents and their relationship with voltage sensitive calcium channels in Setaria cervi.(1998-09-17) Kapoor, S; Singhal, K CSynthetic compounds of 5/6/7/8 mono or disubstituted 1H/1-phenyl-9H pyrido (3,4 b) indole series were screened for their antifilarial activity in vitro by observing their effect on the spontaneous movements of the whole worm and nerve muscle preparation of S. cervi (Nematoda:Filarioidea). Of the 10 compounds tested only compound 87/581 was able to modify the movements of whole worm and nerve muscle preparation. This compound caused inhibition of spontaneous motility of whole worm and nerve muscle preparation of S. cervi characterized by initial short lasting stimulation followed by irreversible paralysis. The concentration required to inhibit the movements of n.m. preparation was 10 micrograms/ml as compared to 25 micrograms/ml for the whole worm preparation, suggesting a cuticular permeability barrier. Prior addition of compound 87/581 to the bath fluid blocked the calcium ion dependent stimulant effect of Ach and pyrantel pamoate. Further the initial stimulant effect of the compound was blocked by prior addition of nifedipine a calcium channel blocker. The findings suggest that the action is due to blockade of voltage sensitive calcium channels.Item Age prediction based on skeletal morphology.(2000-12-17) Kapoor, S; Kapoor, D N; Srivastava, MTreatment plan for a child requires a complete diagnosis with monitoring of the skeleto-dental morphological changes during active period of growth. Growth modifications are done while the forces of growth are still at the peak of activity in a developing child. This study was undertaken on lateral cephalograms of 100 North Indian samples in the age group of 9-12 years consisting of 50 males and 50 females divided into normal occlusion and malocclusion groups, to predict and assess age by evaluating the skeleto-dental morphology in developing normal children having flush terminal plane molar relationship and children with developing class II pattern. It was concluded that based on measurements used in the study of dentofacial morphology, the age of a child could be statistically determined.Item Alport's syndrome (hereditary nephropathy and deafness).(1978-12-16) Singh, D S; Sankaran, K; Sharma, R N; Kapoor, S; Majumdar, N KItem Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma.(1976-10-01) Kapoor, S; Sood, G C; Aurora, A L; Sood, MItem Benign esophageal stricture following aluminium phosphide poisoning.(2005-11-21) Kapoor, S; Naik, S; Kumar, R; Sharma, S; Pruthi, H S; Varshney, SAluminium phosphide is often implicated in accidental and suicidal poisoning in India. Ingestion of even half a fresh tablet invariably results in death, whereas exposed tablets are usually considered harmless. We report two cases of short-segment esophageal strictures that occurred following ingestion of exposed tablet of aluminium phosphide. Both cases could be successfully managed by endoscopic dilatation.Item Cephalometric evaluation of Class II malocclusions in transitional dentition.(2001-12-25) Kapoor, S; Kapoor, D N; Jaiswal, J NStudying malocclusion during active growth period is important because this period has the maximum impact on dentofacial structures. The present study comprises of computerised cephalometric evaluation of 100 North Indian children in the age group of 9-12 years, with 50 children in normal occlusion group. The samples were segregated according to sex with 25 females and 25 males in each group. It was concluded from the study that changes or deviations in SNB, Saddle, Articular and Gonial angles are the potential indicative factors in the development of a class II malocclusion and that class II pattern is associated with short and posteriorly placed mandible in relation to the cranial base.Item Cervical mediastinoscopy: Re-evaluation of an old technique in era of new imaging technology.(2012-07) Chauhan, A; Kapoor, S; Ganguly, M; Nath, PContext. With the advent of modern anatomical and functional imaging technologies, application of cervical mediastinoscopy has decreased in diagnosis and staging of mediastinal diseases. Aim. To evaluate the usefulness of cervical mediastinoscopy in assessing the mediastinal disease when imaging modalities are non-diagnostic. Settings and Design. Retrospective analysis of records of a tertiary care hospital. Patients and Methods. Thirty-nine patients with mediastinal pathology of varied aetiologies underwent cervical mediastinoscopy. Pre- and post-operative diagnosis was compared. Results. In 34 out of 39 cases (87.5%), cervical mediastinoscopy provided a confirmatory final diagnosis. One case had a major complication in the form of recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy. Conclusion. Cervical mediastinoscopy is useful, minimally invasive modality in a scenario where anatomical and functional imaging tools are non-diagnostic.Item Clinical evaluation of new balloon mountable coil stent: in-hospital and follow-up results.(1998-01-16) Reddy, N K; Raju, P R; Kapoor, S; Reddy, R P; Rao, M S; Kumar, D N; Sastry, B K; Prasad, S G; Raju, B SThe purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility, safety and efficacy of elective deployment of a new coil-stent (KR stent) in patients with coronary artery disease. KR stent deployment was attempted in 100 patients (135 lesions) enrolled prospectively at a single centre from December 1996 to March 1997. Ten, 15, 18, 24, and 32 mm long KR stents were manually crimped onto balloons and deployed in native coronary artery lesions. Majority of the patients had recent acute coronary syndromes (unstable angina 30% and post-myocardial infarction angina 56%). Diabetes was present in 34 percent of the patients. Fifty-six percent had single-vessel and 44 percent multi-vessel disease. In 38 percent, the lesions were located in proximal segments and 40 percent of lesions were long. KR stents were successfully deployed in 98 percent of patients. Mean minimal luminal diameter increased by 2.89 +/- 0.63 mm (from 0.57 +/- 0.38 mm before to 3.45 +/- 0.56 mm after the procedure). Mean percent diameter stenosis decreased from 83.33 +/- 10.84 percent before to 3.38 +/- 5.74 percent after the stent deployment. Mean reference vessel diameter was 3.45 +/- 0.56 mm. There were occasional technical complications including balloon rupture (1), stent migration (2) and distal embolisation of atheromatous material (1). One patient developed subacute stent thrombosis. There were no other major in-hospital cardiovascular events. At the end of six-month follow-up, there were no myocardial infarction or death. Six patients presented with recurrence of symptoms within six-months of the procedure, four of whom underwent target vessel revascularisation procedure. In conclusion, the in-hospital and six-month follow-up clinical results were highly encouraging with KR stent. Successful deployment rates were high despite unfavourable clinical and angiographic background. Low clinical events on follow-up will make it suitable for elective stenting.Item Clinical implications of hepatitis G virus (HGV) infection in patients of acute viral hepatitis & fulminant hepatic failure.(2000-10-24) Kapoor, S; Gupta, R K; Das, B C; Kar, PBACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Viral hepatitis is a major public health problem especially in developing countries such as India. Hepatitis viruses A, B, C, D and E are all well characterized and molecularly defined agents with unequivocal association with human liver disease but there is evidence of hepatitis in humans caused by certain transmissible agents which cannot be classified with the above hepatotoric viruses. The role of recently discovered hepatitis G virus (HGV/GBV-C) as an independent heaptitis agent is controversial. Recently, we have shown a relatively high frequency of HGV infection in fulminant hepatic failure but the virus was often detected in co-infection with hepatitis B or E virus. The present study has therefore been carried out to evaluate the clinical significance of HGV infection in acute viral hepatitis (AVH) and fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) through follow up of HGV positive patients till their clinical and biochemical recovery. METHODS: The study included 50 patients comprising 35 of AVH and 15 of FHF. These patients were evaluated on the basis of history, physical examination, liver function profile and serological markers for hepatitis A, B, C and E. Those patients serologically negative for HBV and HCV infection were further screened for HBV DNA and HCV RNA by PCR. All the samples were screened for presence of HGV-RNA by RT-PCR using inner and outer primers sequences selected from NS3 helicase region of the HGV genome. FHF patients who died were subjected to postmortem liver biopsy and these biopsy specimens were also screened for HGV-RNA. Repeat detection of HGV-RNA was done after clinical and biochemical recovery of the patients. RESULTS: Of 35 AVH patients, HGV infection was detected in 5 patients (14.3%) while 4 of 15 patients (26.6%) in the FHF group were positive for HGV-RNA. Five HGV positive AVH patients were followed till clinical and biochemical recovery and all of them tested positive for HGV-RNA at follow up (6 weeks to 6 months). Out of 4 HGV positive FHF patients, only one survived and his repeat sample after clinical and biochemical recovery tested positive for HGV-RNA. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that HGV infection does occur in patients of AVH and FHF and HGV viraemia persists for a long time even after clinical and biochemical recovery. These observations point towards a possible non-pathogenic role of hepatitis G virus infection.Item Clinical predictors of hospitalization in an acute attack of bronchial asthma.(1994-04-01) Sethi, G R; Kapoor, S; Sachdev, H P; Satyanarayana, LThe present study was undertaken to identify the clinical predictors of hospitalization in an acute attack of bronchial asthma in subjects aged 2-12 years. Seventy five children with an acute attack of bronchial asthma were evaluated. A detailed clinical history and examination was recorded and baseline investigations sent before starting therapy. All subjects were treated with injection adrenaline (two doses) and those who did not respond were hospitalized. Twenty subjects who were hospitalized were compared with 32 cases who were discharged and did not have a relapse on follow up. After multivariate analysis, the factors independently predictive of hospitalization were, pulsus paradoxus (> 10 mm Hg; OR = 1.02), younger age (below 5 years, OR = 0.98) and severe accessory muscle use (OR = 89.6). Presence of any 2 of these 3 clinical predictors has a high sensitivity (90%) and specificity (96%). The investigative variables significant after multivariate analysis were low pH (OR = 0.00) and polymorphonuclear leucocytosis (> 70%) on peripheral smear (OR = 1.12). The sensitivity of this model was similar (90%) but specificity was lower (90.6%). The addition of investigative variables to clinical model did not improve the predictability. It is concluded that it is possible to identify at presentation, children with acute bronchial asthma who require hospitalization and clinical variables are sufficient for this purpose.Item A clinical study of the patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever during the epidemic of 1996 at Lucknow, India.(1999-12-06) Agarwal, R; Kapoor, S; Nagar, R; Misra, A; Tandon, R; Mathur, A; Misra, A K; Srivastava, K L; Chaturvedi, U CThis paper describes the clinical findings in 206 patients with dengue fever (DF) or with dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) during the epidemic of 1996 at Lucknow. The age group affected most was 11 to 30 years and 21% of the patients were less than 10 years old. The male:female ratio was 1.9:1. The onset was abrupt in all the patients, severe frontal headache was observed in 97%, myalgia in 90%, skin rash in 40%, vomiting in 29% and arthralgia in knee and hip joints in 9%. Anuria was seen in two patients. Lymphadenopathy was noted in 14%, hepatomegaly in 4%, being associated with mild jaundice in one patient, and splenomegaly in 2% of the patients. Involvement of the heart and lungs was seen in one patient each and no case with encephalitis was recorded. Hemorrhages from various sites were observed in 54% patients and 17 patients had profound shock. The commonest bleeding site was gums. Profound shock was preceded by various warning signs, the commonest being sudden hypotension. Among the patients with profound shock the mortality was 47% while the overall fatality rate was 3.8%. A number of the risk factors existed for a long time in this part of the world, but what precipitated the present epidemic at this time, is not known.Item Corrosive strictures of the oesophagus.(2002-07-26) Naidu, K R C; Kapoor, S; Chattopadhyay, T KItem Cystic degeneration of the pterygium.(1977-04-01) Kapoor, S; Sood, G C; Aurora, A L; Kapoor, SItem Cytology as a diagnostic aid in arthritis.(1981-05-01) Bhatia, A; Kapoor, S; Vishawakarma, G K; Sagreiya, K; Ashokraj, GItem Dental emergencies.(1986-10-01) Parkash, H; Kapoor, SItem Detection of respiratory syncytial virus & Mycoplasma pneumoniae in paediatric lower respiratory tract infections(Indian Council of Medical Research, 2019-09) Kumar, S; Chakravarti, A; Kumar, S; Kapoor, SBackground & objectives: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and Mycoplasma pneumoniae are considered common cause of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) in children. The present study was conducted to detect M. pneumoniae and RSV in paediatric LRTIs employing serology, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) analysis. Methods: Seventy five children aged one month to five years with acute LRTIs were investigated for M. pneumoniae antibodies and RSV antigen using immunochromatographic test, RT-PCR for RSV and M. pneumoniae by PCR on nasopharyngeal aspirates. Results: RSV infection was observed in 33 (44%) and M. pneumoniae was positive in 26 (35%) children. No significant difference in infection was noted between male and female children. Clinical and radiological features among RSV and M. pneumoniae positive and negative cases were similar. Considering RT-PCR for RSV as gold standard, RSV antigen immunochromatography was 90.90 per cent sensitive and 100 per cent specific. Interpretation & conclusions: Our study showed the presence of RSV and M. pneumoniae infection in 44 and 35 per cent children, respectively with community-acquired LRTIs and aged less than five years.Item Developing insight.(1978-11-01) Kapoor, SItem Electrohemostasis with endoscopic electrocoagulation in upper gastrointestinal bleed.(1989-07-01) Durrani, H A; Raina, V; Tikku, N M; Kapoor, S; Malik, G M; Khan, M; Gupta, IFifty patients who presented with upper gastrointestinal bleed were taken up for electrohemostasis with endoscopic electrocoagulation. Hemostasis was achieved in 32 patients at the first sitting, and in a second session in two of eight patients in whom it was attempted. No complications were encountered. EEC is an effective and safe method of achieving hemostasis in upper gastrointestinal bleed due to varied gastroduodenal lesions, and may help cut down the number of patients subjected to emergency surgery.Item ESR and iron status in pregnancy.(1997-10-28) Madan, N; Kapoor, S; Rusia, U; Sharma, S; Nayyar, V L; Sundaram, K R; Sood, S KESR (Westergen) correlated significantly with the iron status (as measured by Hb concentration, haematocrit, red cell count, MCH, P/H ratio, serum iron, TIBC and percent saturation of transferrin) in a group of pregnant women (PW) at term. Serum ferritin correlated negatively with the ESR but the correlation was not statistically significant. Serum ferritin levels of < 50 micrograms/L were present in 9 (34.6%) PW with ESR > or = 50 mm 1st hour and 5 (19.2%) PW with ESR < 50 mm 1st hour. The mean ESR in PW was 55.7 (+/- 22.9) and was > or = 50 mm 1st hour in 50% and < 75 mm 1st hour in 82.7%. The difference in the mean ESR in anaemic and nonanaemic PW was highly significant (p < 0.001), 87.5% anaemic PW with serum ferritin > 50 micrograms/L had ESR > or = 50 mm 1st hour, suggesting the possible effect of chronic infection in raising ferritin levels in these PW.Item Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology Of An Unusual Retropharyngeal Mass(Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, 2014-07) Jain, M; Kapoor, SWe describe a case of long standing goiter with retropharyngeal space mass. FNAC established the diagnosis of retropharyngeal mass as extension of the goiter into the retropharyngeal space. Long standing large goiter usually grows downwards through the thoracic inlet. This case highlights the rare possibility of extension of the goiter into the retropharyngeal space and presenting clinically as retropharyngeal mass.
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